共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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学校心理咨询若干倾向性问题的思考 总被引:31,自引:0,他引:31
本文针对当前学校心理咨询中普遍存在的重视"调适性心理咨询",忽视"发展性心理咨询";重视心理异常中"心理障碍"的矫治,忽视"一般心理问题"的调控和重视成人心理异常表现模式的套用,忽视学生心理异常表现的年龄特征等倾向,提出并论述了学校心理咨询"咨询类型"的侧重点在于发展性心理咨询,"调适矫正"的着眼点在于心理异常中"一般心理问题"的调控,"分析判别"的出发点在于以学生各年龄阶段心理异常特有表现为依据的观点,为进一步强化学校心理咨询的科学性,顺利进行心理健康教育,以提高学生心理素质提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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上海市大学生常见一般心理问题量表的编制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究阐述了一般心理问题的特征及表现,并确定了心理疲劳、自卑、暴躁、消沉、分神、忧郁、空虚、无端烦恼、怯懦、敌对等10个大学生常见的一般心理问题。采用自陈量表编制原理和问卷调查分析方法,编制了具有较高信度和效度的大学生常见一般心理问题量表。该量表对心理咨询与辅导具有理论及实践上的指导意义。 相似文献
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朋辈辅导在大学生心理健康教育中的应用性研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
目前,在校大学生由于心理健康原因引发的心理问题越来越突出,学校专业心理咨询尚不能满足现实需求,因而朋辈心理辅导应运而生,它改变了以往学生只是心理咨询的对象,只有少数专业的心理咨询师才能开展助人活动的状况,让更多的学生成为高校心理咨询工作的主体与原动力。朋辈辅导不仅是对专业心理咨询人员数量的必要补充,而且也是对专业心理咨询工作的重要补充,在大学生心理健康教育领域具有较高的实践价值和推广价值。 相似文献
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随着社会的发展,人们在追求物质与精神文明的同时,种种的困惑、苦闷而产生的心理障碍,导致心理的压力以及绝望,也给社会带来弊端。莎士比亚说:“隐藏着的痛苦,像堵塞的炉堂,会把心灵烧成灰烬。”因此,现代心理咨询引起人们的关注和重视。心理咨询不但为人们提供了倾诉内心痛苦的机会,有效地解决心理问题,而且满足了社会生活的基本需 相似文献
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完美主义心理研究的历史和现状 总被引:40,自引:0,他引:40
完美主义(perfecrionism)心理是《心理障碍诊断与统计手册》(DSM-Ⅲ)的重要的诊断标准之一,被认为参与多种心理障碍的形成与发展。但是长期以来,对于完美主义心理缺少精确的定义和量化研究。上世纪八十年代以来,在欧美的心理咨询和资质优异教育领域,这种心理愈来愈被看作是与个体的心理健康及创造力息息相关的人格特质,并且已普遍承认这种特质是多维度、多侧面的。本文追溯了完美主义心理研究的历史渊源。介绍了完美主义心理研究的现状和进展。 相似文献
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在新的历史时期,心理矫治方法在中国监狱得到了普遍应用。这是因为,导致犯罪的心理原因较突出,罪犯是心理问题的高发人群,需要开展心理矫治,以提高改造质量。心理矫治通过运用心理科学知识、技术和方法,在心理评估的基础上,善用罪犯寻求改变的心理,通过心理卫生教育、心理咨询、心理治疗等措施,帮助其调节不良情绪,改变不良的认知方式,改善或消除异常心理,达到完善其人格(个性)的一种活动。 相似文献
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《Journal of couple & relationship therapy》2013,12(1-2):17-29
Abstract Mental disorders and relationship discord commonly occur together and couples where one or both parties suffer from a mental disorder are commonly seen in couple therapy. Symptoms of mental disorders can usefully be conceptualized cybernetically and viewed as part of negative feedback loops that couples become trapped in without denying the potential contribution of biological or other types of knowledge. Most of the existing research focuses on couples and depression and couple therapy has been found to have efficaciousness as a treatment of depression especially when depression occurs along with relationship discord. There is less research on couple therapy and other mental disorders but general guidelines are offered that couple therapists can use with any of the mental disorders. 相似文献
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Adult Outcomes of Child Conduct Problems: A Cohort Study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present study assessed the mental health and criminal records of 6,449 males and 6,268 females who presented conduct problems as children by examining an unselected birth cohort followed up to age 30. Conduct problems were defined by teacher ratings of behavior problems and/or antisocial behavior in the community. There was little overlap in the children identified by teachers and by the community. These two groups of children were at differential risk for adult mental disorder. Seventy-six percent of the males and 30% of females with childhood conduct problems had either a criminal record, a mental disorder, or both by age 30. Risk ratios for adult criminality and/or mental disorders, however, were greater for females than for males with a history of childhood conduct problems. Almost all of the mental disorders were severe substance abuse. Mental disorders and crime were strongly associated among males with a history of childhood conduct problems. 相似文献
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心理健康素养是促进心理健康的重要途径。狭义概念指帮助人们认识、处理和预防心理疾病的相关知识和信念; 广义概念指综合运用心理健康知识、技能和态度, 保持和促进心理健康的能力。心理健康素养常采用情景案例问卷、单维或多维评估量表等进行评估, 可以通过社会运动、学校教育、自助式应用程序、心理健康急救培训等方式进行有效干预提高, 其中心理健康知识、心理疾病识别、情绪调节、减少病耻感、积极的求助态度等成分都有促进心理健康的作用。未来研究可以在建构评估指标体系、探索作用机制、扩展涵盖群体与内容、加强实证干预研究等方面深入开展。 相似文献
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国外对心理障碍与完美主义的关系研究集中在进食障碍、焦虑障碍、强迫障碍、社交恐惧和抑郁等领域。研究表明,完美主义是导致心理障碍的原因之一,但并非所有的完美主义或者完美主义的所有维度都会导致心理障碍。 相似文献
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中国人的人格与心理健康 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
系统总结了中国人人格与心理健康之间关系的研究。首先,对心理健康的含义进行了理论分析,提出了心理健康由心身症状的缺失、行为抑制的降低、自我和谐水平的提高以及主观幸福感的提升等4个不同的水平构成,并对人格与心理健康的4个水平之间的关系进行了综述,特别分析了人格与心理健康的结构方程模型,以及不同人格维度对心理健康的促进、抑制、及促进-抑制作用。文中还提出了建立中国人的人格耐受性模型的设想,并对将来研究的方向进行了讨论 相似文献
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Dale W. Russell David M. Benedek James A. Naifeh Carol S. Fullerton Nikki Benevides Robert J. Ursano 《Military psychology》2013,25(6):361-375
Mental health disorders continue to plague service members and veterans; thus, new approaches are required to help address such outcomes. The identification of risk and resilience factors for these disorders in specific populations can better inform both treatment and prevention strategies. This study focuses on a unique population of U.S. Army Special Operations personnel to assess how specific avenues of social support and personal morale are related to mental health outcomes. The results indicate that, whereas personal morale and friend support reduce the relationship between combat experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), strong unit support exacerbates the negative effects of combat experiences in relation to PTSD. The study thus shows that although informal social support can lessen postdeployment mental health concerns, military populations with strong internal bonds may be at greater risk of PTSD because the support that they receive from fellow service members may heighten the traumatic impact of combat experiences. 相似文献
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Mills C Stephan SH Moore E Weist MD Daly BP Edwards M 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2006,9(3-4):149-161
The report from President George W. Bush’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (NFC), Achieving the Promise: Transforming Mental Health Care in America(2003), proposes goals and recommendations for improving mental health services. This report has significant implications
for the delivery of mental health services through the schools. A focused discussion of the potential opportunities and challenges
of implementing NFC recommendations related to school-based mental health is presented. Strategies for addressing five key
areas at the intersection of school mental health and the Commission’s recommendations include: stigma reduction, suicide
prevention, expansion and improvement of school mental health, and screening and treatment of co-occurring mental health and
substance abuse disorders. 相似文献
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Kimberly Hoagwood Ph.D. Ann A. Hohmann Ph.D. M.S.P.H. 《Journal of child and family studies》1993,2(3):259-268
This article describes an important new area of research on services for children and adolescents with mental disorders at the National Institute of Mental Health, the parameters of mental health services research for youth, and the opportunities that are available for grant-funded investigations in this area. 相似文献
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对于精神障碍这一概念的理解, 传统DSM-ICD分类诊断系统和研究领域标准RDoC均基于潜变量视角, 认为精神障碍的症状由其潜在共同原因所致。这2种观点都忽略了症状间的相互作用。不同于分类和维度视角, Borsboom在2008年对精神障碍的概念化提出了的全新视角——心理病理学网络理论。此理论的核心观点是症状之间的动态因果关系构成了精神障碍。基于心理病理学网络理论的网络分析方法, 主要以结合EBIC的glasso算法估计症状间的偏相关网络, 并通过网络中节点中心性与网络连接性等指标, 来考查精神障碍症状的不同特性。近几年来, 研究者发现心理病理学网络分析方法在对症状间因果关系的推断、核心症状的识别和网络结构的可靠性与可重复性方面仍面临一些挑战。这些挑战为心理病理学网络理论与方法指明了未来可能的发展方向。 相似文献