重新检视工作记忆在视觉搜索中的作用

视觉搜索是人类从作用于视觉系统的大量信息中选择相关信息进入信息加工系统的一种认知功能, 同时也是研究选择性注意的一种常用范式。工作记忆作为一种服务于当前任务信息的存储与加工的认知系统, 在视觉搜索过程中扮演着关键角色。为了深入了解工作记忆在视觉搜索过程中的作用机制, 在梳理已有成果的基础上, 分别从工作记忆对靶子模板的储存、视觉搜索项目与靶子模板在工作记忆中的匹配及工作记忆对已检测过搜索项目的记忆三个方面进行综述。最后结论表明工作记忆确实在视觉搜索过程中起作用, 但其作用机制仍存在较多争议。

Re-examining the Role of Working Memory in Visual Search

Visual search is a common perceptual task used to study how attention selects a particular object in the visual scene among a large number of distractors.Working memory,which is used to retain relevant information and suppress irrelevant information,has been proved to play a crucial role in visual search process,e.g.,maintaining the visual search template,offering the place for matching the search template and visual search items,and preventing attention from re-orienting to the examined items.Based on the relevant evidence reviewed here,it is clear that working memory does play a role in visual search,but how it works still needs further studies.