爻变与卦变:组合创新

什么是爻变 ,什么是卦变 ?爻变与卦变有什么区别、有什么联系 ,爻变与卦变的价值和意义何在 ?厘清这些问题 ,有利于深入探讨易学哲学。为了讨论方便 ,我们从爻变谈起。一、一阴一阳　刚柔相摩爻变有广狭二义。广义的爻变是指生卦、成卦、变卦过程中阴爻阳爻的组合变化。狭义的爻变是指八经卦 (即三爻卦 )和六十四别卦 (即六爻卦 )中阴爻阳爻的组合变化。《系辞》 :“易有太极 ,是生两仪 ,两仪生四象 ,四象生八卦。”按照邵雍和朱熹的解释 ,这是生卦、成卦过程中阴爻阳爻的组合变化 ,是广义的爻变。朱熹在《易学启蒙·原卦画》中综合邵子等人…     

从“两仪”释“太极”

从“两仪”释“太极”李存山《周易大传·系辞上》云：“易有太极，是生两仪，两仪生四象，四象生人卦，八卦定吉凶，吉凶生大业。是故法象莫大乎天地，变通莫大乎四时，县象著明莫大乎日月。”这段话是借解释篮法象数的形式而发挥出关于宇宙生成的哲理。“易有太极”的“...     

邵雍先天易“天地自然之数”一解——对冯友兰先生《邵雍的“先天学”》的两点补充

作者通过对冯友兰先生《邵雍的“先天学”》的两点补充,认为．邵雍“先天易”图的六十四卦卦序按二进制六位数的大小依次排列而来．此即是宋代道学家所谓的“天地自然之数”。作者由此进一步揭示了先天卦序与阴阳生息的卦气思想之同．在一定程度上的某种暗合与实质上的相互矛盾。     

《系辞传》"易有太极"章要旨释论

《系辞传》“易有太极”章,其本旨既非解释易占中(?)卦的具体过程,也不是要创立一种宇宙生成模式,而是借用宇宙生成论的模式,解释八卦的起源．易占与易哲学之间没有直接关系．     

卦爻符号系统的演变及其意义

本文对易学史上有代表性的卦爻符号系统的演变及其理论意义,进行了初步梳理和剖析。认为通行本卦序形成一个因果系列,其中隐藏着阴阳对立面相互配合、相互转化的理论思维;帛书本卦序则体现了阴阳对立,以类相从的观念;孟京卦气说是对当时天文气象学的概括和总结,用以表示阴阳二气消长运行,天地万物兴衰成亡的过程,构成一个贯通天人的自然哲学系统;邵雍、朱熹的次序图是要说明八卦和六十四卦的形成乃一自然而然的阴阳交错、不断分化和组合的过程,并以此解释世界形成的过程;其方位图则阐发阴阳消长之理,天地终始之变的理论思维。     

帛书《系辞》浅说——兼论易传的编纂

<正> 六十四卦起源很早,并非由八卦重卦组成。甲骨文中所刻的卦画符号为六个数字一组,以后由数字卦演变为符号卦。重卦之说不见于先秦文献资料,《系辞》观象制器一章列举的十几个卦名,都属于六十四卦;《左传》、《国语》中有关卜筮的记载,如“遇乾之否”、     

“卦变”说辨析

“卦变”说辨析常秉义一《周易·彖传》中言刚柔上下往来之语，历代治《易》者有的用“卦变”解释，有的以“错综”明义，可谓众说纷纭，人言人殊。所谓卦变，就是指六十四卦之间某种变化关系。汉易卦变说认为，在六十四卦中，此卦是由彼卦变化而来，他们把这种变化关系称...     

易学“太极”概念考论——兼论《系辞上》“《易》有太极”章的含义与解释

《系辞上》“《易》有太极”章及“太极”概念为何义,是易学史上颇有争议的问题。帛书《系辞》“《易》有大恒”的“恒”字应当从今本读为“极”字“。极”本指无上无限的空间“,太极”是无以复加的极限义。此义为“太极”概念的生成提供了词源基础。但作为一个哲学概念,它又是在哲学语境中生成的。在《系辞上》中,它既指揲蓍之初极,又指天地未分的至极本原。随着汉唐、宋明哲学的变化,这一概念的具体所指或为元气或为理“。《易》有太极”章包含着揲蓍成卦和宇宙生成两重次序,二者是表里、明暗关系,而这一特点又是由《周易》本为天人合一的产物所决定的。在前者中“,太极”指蓍草未分的初始状态“,两仪”指分而为二的两部分蓍草“,四象”指六、七、八、九四数;在后者中“,太极“”两仪“”四象”各有其宇宙生成的象征物。汉唐对此章的解释偏重于气化的宇宙生成论,明末清初以来的解释则过分强调其揲蓍成卦之义,都偏执于一边。     

《序卦》不“肤浅”

孔子《序卦》充分发掘和补充了《周易》丰富的辩证思想。就“理”言,发掘出乾坤咸恒既济未济等的卦序排列内涵;就“象”言,勾勒出六十四卦按“错对”、“综反”的原则排列,强调阴阳静态和动态二气交感的矛盾统一规律和现象。同时,《序卦》作为一篇文字写定范本,能避免上古时期因简牍散乱而错排六十四卦,影响后人对《周易》义理思想的理解和阐发。由此,充分肯定《序卦》的积极意义和作用,否定前人认为《序卦》“肤浅”的看法。     

绵阳出土西汉木胎漆盘纹饰识读及其重要意义

1995年四川绵阳出土西汉木胎漆盘(Ⅰ式)是太极八卦盘,其纹饰内涵包括老子太极图、八卦六十四卦生成序、河图洛书、十月太阳历、阴阳合历、二十八宿、干支、节气、大衍数等几乎所有中国古代天文历法和《周易》数理;木胎漆盘与江淮流域各省出土的双耳S形圆图(即老子太极图)证实宋、明之际易学图书学的兴起与道家易学、道教易学传出有关,邵雍先天图、刘牧河图洛书、周敦颐太极图及阴阳鱼太极图均源自道家、道教,道家易、道教易源头在《归藏》,它们是有别于《易经》、《易传》、儒家易传承关系的另一易学传承系统;木胎漆盘的出土和识读对易学史和中国文化研究具有重要意义。     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

Language,politics and dreams: the challenges of building resilience in refugees

This paper describes a case study of a 60-year-old Peruvian refugee in some detail, focusing on the importance of building emotional resilience in a patient in Spanish in order to create a space for learning the English language – the patient did not speak English after 20 years of living in Britain. The work was carried out with an interpreter and some of the literature on working with interpreters is referred to. The paper also briefly outlines the refugee journey in broad terms, which is a journey from the culturally known to the culturally unknown. The question of how well the literature on resilience, which sits firmly within a Western developmental perspective, can be applied to refugees, most of whom come from group and family-based cultures dominated by ideas of honour and shame, is discussed. The paper also touches on the importance of the receiving country enabling or not, as the case may be, a transitional space for refugees who have lost their home and are seeking to find a safe haven in a strange culture.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.