我国农民工核心心理健康素质的调查

旨在考察《中国成年人核心心理健康素质总量表》在农民工群体中的心理测量学特征,了解我国农民工心理健康素质的基本情况,并与全国成年人常模进行比较。采用《中国成年人核心心理健康素质总量表》,对来自于全国六大区域的不同性别、年龄段、教育程度和职业类别的855名农民工有效样本进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)本次调查中《中国成年人核心心理健康素质总量表》各分量表的信效度符合心理测量学要求;(2)农民工样本核心心理健康素质量表总均分处于中等偏上水平;(3)农民工的情绪性素质得分高于全国成年人常模,其他素质和核心心理健康素质总量表得分与全国常模无显著差异;(4)农民工坚韧性素质得分存在显著性别差异,人际健康和情绪性素质得分存在显著年龄差异,自我概念、坚韧性素质和核心心理健康素质总量表得分存在显著的职业差异。结论:《中国成年人核心心理健康素质总量表》适用于农民工群体;农民工情绪性素质优于全国常模,其他所测心理健康素质的负载量与全国常模处于同一水平。     

心理健康素质测评系统·基本概念、理论与编制构思

作为《心理健康素质测评系统的研制》的开篇报告,本文界定了《心理健康素质测评系统》中所涉及的几个基本概念:素质,心理素质,心理健康,心理健康素质。在经典的素质-应激模型的基础上,提出"应激-素质相互作用模型",作为心理素质影响健康的理论模型。确定了可以用来反映中国成年人心理健康素质的8种心理特质和"类特质"(自我概念,人际心理素质,坚韧性,弹性特质,情绪性,社会期许性,生活信念和健康信念)和两种"亚特质"(认知风格和应对风格)。制定了测评系统的研制计划,并规定了量表编制的技术要求和所要达到的心理测量学指标。     

企业管理者心理弹性、积极情绪与工作倦怠的关系

采用心理弹性量表、工作倦怠量表以及情绪性量表对525名企业管理者进行了调查,以考察心理弹性、积极情绪和工作倦怠的关系。研究发现:(1)企业基层管理者的工作倦怠水平要高于中高层管理者;(2)心理弹性对工作倦怠及其情绪衰竭、玩世不恭、低成就感等维度有显著的负向预测作用;(3)积极情绪对工作倦怠及其各维度也具有显著的负向预测作用,并且在心理弹性和工作倦怠之间起中介作用。     

毕业生就业压力、心理弹性与主观幸福感的关系研究

目的:探讨如何提高毕业生的主观幸福感。方法:采用大学生毕业班就业压力问卷、成人心理弹性量表、总体幸福感量表对207名河南师范大学、河南理工大学的大四毕业生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)毕业生就业压力与心理弹性、主观幸福感存在显著负相关;心理弹性与主观幸福感存在显著正相关。(2)毕业生就业压力、心理弹性对主观幸福感有很好的预测作用(3)心理弹性是毕业生就业压力与主观幸福感的中介变量,存在部分中介作用。     

心理健康素质测评系统·中国成年人核心心理健康素质全国常模的制定

本研究旨在对中国成年人核心心理健康素质量表进行心理测量学检验,并建立中国成年人核心心理健康素质的全国常模。通过对全国采样的6433名调查对象的数据资料的分析,表明：（1）核心心理健康素质量表的信效度符合心理测量学要求。其中,中国成年人核心心理健康素质总量表以及各个分量表的内部一致性信度系数均在0.817以上;验证性因素分析表明,核心心理健康素质总量表的拟合指标良好;总量表与各个分量表之间的相关程度高于各个分量表之间的相关程度,该量表具有较高的内容效度和结构效度。（2）中国成年人核心心理健康素质水平性别差异不显著;中国成年人核心心理健康素质水平年龄差异显著;中国成年人核心心理健康素质水平在受教育程度上差异显著;职业类型对核心心理健康素质水平有影响。结论：中国成年人核心心理健康素质总量表可以应用于我国成年人核心心理健康素质的相关研究和人才心理评估与选拔;本研究制定的中国成年人核心心理健康素质常模可以作为相关研究的参考依据。     

心理健康素质测评系统·中国成年人心理弹性全国采样调查报告

心理弹性是与个体经历重大应激事件后复原相关的心理健康素质。本研究依据第六次人口普查结果从全国28个省、直辖市和自治区中抽取6433名成年人样本,为中国成年人心理弹性量表建立全国常模,并对心理弹性在性别、年龄段、受教育程度上的差异进行了分析,结果发现:(1)心理弹性的维度均分存在性别差异,男性在内控性维度和注重问题应对风格维度的均分显著高于女性;而女性在支持维度和接纳性维度的均分要显著高于男性。(2)心理弹性会随着年龄的增高呈整体上升趋势,内控性维度均分、应对维度均分以及乐观性维度均分均在个体中年到老年时期的上升趋势均不显著;(3)随着受教育程度的提高,个体的心理弹性总均分、应对维度均分、支持维度均分、乐观性维度均分以及接纳性维度均分显著提高;(4)教育程度和年龄段在心理弹性量表总均分以及内控性维度均分上存在交互作用。     

无惧失败预测幸福:成就动机对心理幸福感的预测作用

前人研究发现成就动机影响个体的主观幸福感,而对心理幸福感的研究较少。本研究利用成就动机量表和心理幸福感量表,采用随机抽样的方法对214名大学生进行问卷调查。研究发现,成就动机与心理幸福感及其各维度呈显著正相关;成就动机的两个维度(追求成功的动机和避免失败的动机)对心理幸福感具有显著预测作用,且避免失败的维度相对贡献更大。结果提示,成就动机可以较好的正向预测心理幸福感,且避免失败的预测作用更强。     

心理弹性对大学生心理应激与心理健康关系的中介作用

采用梁宝勇、程诚编制的"中国成年人心理弹性量表"、梁宝勇和郝志红编制的"中国大学生心理应激量表"和郑日昌、邓丽芳和张忠华等编制的"中国大学生心理健康量表",对4所大学620名在校大学生进行测试,探讨心理弹性在大学生心理应激与心理健康关系中的作用。研究结果表明,心理弹性可以缓冲心理应激对大学生心理健康的消极影响,心理弹性部分中介心理应激与心理健康之间关系。     

大学生正念对主观幸福感的影响:情绪调节及心理弹性的中介作用

采用五因素正念量表(FFMQ)、情绪调节量表(ERS)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、幸福感指数量表(IWB)对448名大学生进行问卷调查,以探讨正念对主观幸福感的影响机制。结果表明:(1)正念、重新评价、心理弹性、主观幸福感呈显著正相关;(2)重新评价和心理弹性的链式多重中介效应在正念与主观幸福感间起部分中介效应,一方面,正念可以通过促进心理弹性提升主观幸福感,另一方面,正念不能直接通过重新评价策略的使用提升主观幸福感,存在"正念→重新评价→心理弹性→主观幸福感"的路径。     

基于六省会城市居民的主观幸福感研究

本研究在全国省会城市范围内取样,对中国城市居民主观幸福感量表的心理测量学特性进行了检验,并以此为线索对该量表进行了修订和完善,形成了由40个项目组成的中国城市居民主观幸福感量表(修订版);并将常模样组扩展到全国,取得了中国城市居民主观幸福感量表(修订版)的全国参考常模;同时,尝试对构成中国城市居民主观幸福感各个评价维度的权重进行考察,以使量表分数的合成更为科学.     

Depth,Perception, and Action: Past,Present, and Future

This paper examines how images of depth are employed in the psychoanalytic literature and how they illuminate or obfuscate. It examines as well the price of using familiar terminologies to introduce new ideas, a practice more common in psychoanalysis than in many other disciplines. By obscuring the differences between old ideas and new through using the same terminology for both, the sense of adherence and belonging to the psychoanalytic community is enhanced but the ability to see fully the new possibilities for theory and practice to which these new ideas point is constrained. In elaborating on this point, the paper also considers the differences between a past-centered, archaeological model and a model in which older patterns are perpetuated through their repeated consequences, both intended and unintended. In such a model both action and perception are taken into account, as the aim of analysis becomes not just the patient’s internal world but her lived life.     

Youth and Trauma: Terror,War, Murder,Incest, Rape,and Suicide

College students in the United States post-9/11 face a different world than did their predecessors. In short vignettes this article reveals some of the numerous traumas that have been reported in a full-service counseling center at a small state university. Exploration of the impact of traumas past and present is interwoven with commentary on the impact of systems dynamics. A brief theoretical exploration is included of post-trauma resilience and the ongoing sense of threat that many traumatized persons experience.     

Sex,gender, and intersex: anthropological,medical, and ethical critiques and proposals

ABSTRACT

The problems of intersex have received little attention from both Catholic Magisterium and theologians. Early in 2019, the Vatican Congregation for Catholic Education issued a document intended to be a pathway for a dialogue on the issue of gender in education. This essay responds to that document as a contribution to filling theological gaps in the consideration of intersex. It first explains and critiques the theological anthropology underlying the Vatican document and then analyzes and critiques Western cultural, medical approaches to intersex persons. It dialogues with the experience of intersex persons and the social sciences that document it and concludes by proposing ethical principles to guide intersex persons, their parents, and their physicians in the care and treatment of intersex.     

Knowledge,power, and democracy: Lindblom,critical theory,and postmodernism

His current research aims at developing a scenario for the future of democracy in Sweden.     

Loneliness, optimism, and well-being among married, divorced, and widowed individuals

The study explored feelings of loneliness and dispositional optimism and their unique contribution to well-being. The sample included 196 women and men (M age = 45.94 years; 54% were women; 34% were married, 34% were divorced, and 32% were widowed) who completed inventories assessing feelings of loneliness, dispositional optimism, and well-being measured by life satisfaction and negative affect. Widows and widowers scored higher than married respondents on loneliness and negative affect and lower on life satisfaction and optimism. Divorced persons scored lower on life satisfaction than married respondents but higher than widows and widowers on optimism. Loneliness was negatively correlated with optimism. Multiple regression analyses using demographics, family status, loneliness, and optimism as independent variables showed that loneliness contributed negatively to well-being, while optimism contributed positively to well-being. A Structural Equation Modeling analysis and mediation tests showed that both loneliness and optimism mediated the effects of widowhood on well-being. The findings are in support of Conservation of Resources (COR) theory (S. E. Hobfoll, 1989, 2001).