探讨和完善生物医学期刊来稿中的伦理学问题

生物医学期刊来稿中最常见的伦理学问题就是受试者“知情同意”的问题。生物医学期刊通过提高编辑人员素质、加强医学伦理学宣传教育、对来稿严格把关以及协助科研机构建立和完善伦理学审查委员会,不断探讨和完善来稿中的伦理学问题,这不仅是对受试者负责,而且有利于医学科研人员素质的提高,有利于生物医学研究健康、有序的发展。     

医学生妇产科临床见习渗透伦理学教学的意义

现代医生应是专业技能与人文素养兼备的形象,医学伦理学素质是医学生理应具备的品格.实践证明,医学伦理学临床见习是培养医学生医学伦理学素质的必要环节.医学伦理学的临床见习,能固化医学生的知识体系,有利于医学生医学伦理学素质的养成,帮助提高医学生分析和解决医学临床实践中面临的伦理困境.而妇产科室由于其特殊性,在临床见习中渗透伦理学教学的意义尤为重大,通过妇产科医学伦理学临床见习的设计与实施,科学合理地选择见习的内容,寻找最佳的见习方式和方法,完善见习的评定体系和考核形式,医学伦理学的教学效果立竿见影.     

浅议生物医学研究中不同主体的利益冲突

作为医学伦理学研究的重要内容,生物医学研究中的利益冲突问题日益受到公众、研究机构和管理部门的关注.探讨生物医学活动中研究者、研究机构、学术期刊三种不同主体利益冲突的表现、危害及其特点,以期有针对性地促进人们对该领域利益冲突问题的认识.     

欢迎订阅、欢迎投稿《中国医学伦理学》杂志

<正>《中国医学伦理学》杂志是国家科技部"中国科技论文统计源期刊"(中国科技核心期刊),是关于医学伦理学、生命伦理学的大型学术刊物。为专家学者、伦理审查者搭建学术交流与合作平台;为卫生管理者、医疗机构管理者加强职业道德建设,提高医疗机构竞争力和知名度提供有关伦理理论、典型经验和工作方法;为医护人员解决临床面临的伦理难题及构建和谐医患     

随机临床试验中伦理问题的探讨

随着我国的药物临床试验过程逐渐完善,药物临床试验水平不断提高,但伦理学方面并不十分完善.临床研究者和受试者应该明确自己的权益和义务,并在药物随机临床试验中,使受试者的权益得到更好的保护.本文论述并总结了药物临床试验中出现的问题,并提出了改进措施.     

“知情同意权”在DOMI伤寒Vi疫苗示范项目中的实施分析

《纽伦堡法典》提出“人类受试者的自愿同意是绝对必要的”,国际组织及许多国家都通过直法对患者的知情同意权加以保护,使知情同意成为涉及人类受试者的生物医学研究中最受人关注的伦理学问题。     

浅议生物医学研究中不同主体的利益冲突

作为医学伦理学研究的重要内容,生物医学研究中的利益冲突问题日益受到公众、研究机构和管理部门的关注。探讨生物医学活动中研究者、研究机构、学术期刊三种不同主体利益冲突的表现、危害及其特点,以期有针对性地促进人们对该领域利益冲突问题的认识。     

"人造美女"的生命伦理学思考

"人造美女"是一个纯粹的市场炒作的概念,其背后隐匿着深刻的生命伦理难题,并直接面对现实的医学伦理学问题.其中,生命价值、技术对生命干涉限度、美容与健康的冲突、医疗商业化等生命伦理学难题格外突出,而医疗伤害、技术滥用等是更为现实的医学伦理学问题.     

生物医学工程:医学工程思维的人文困惑

生物医学工程引入新的人文问题.其认识主体、认识角度和学科范围都是基于工程的,实质是工程对医学的改造."医学工程共同体"改变了医师结构和群体,使"医惠关系"复杂化."机器"思维使医学有变为"机器医学"的危险.生物医学工程加剧以"身心二分"为特点的当代医学人文困惑.     

医学人文教育“模块化”调查与反思

为改进医学人文教育方法,提高教学质量,课题组将医学伦理学、卫生法学整合成6个教学模块:医学道德的伦理意义;协调医患关系的伦理原则和应用;医学前沿的伦理难题;卫生法及其法义内核;临床护理伦理;医学伦理修养与哲学思维,进行了医学人文"模块化"教学。调查显示,学生对"模块化"教学模式接受度较高,认为"模块化"教学更有利于明确教师的教学目的、接受和掌握相关知识点,且能够帮助培养辩证思维。根据调查结果对进一步完善医学人文教育教学提出对策:调整教学策略,适应教学环境;改进教学方式,灵活安插"模块"。     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.