Perceived self-regulation of exercise goals and interfering goals among regular and irregular exercisers: a life space analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA;2. Department of HHPR, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA;1. Department of Optoelectronics Research and Development Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3888, East South-Lake Road, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19, Yu-Quan Road, Shi-Jing-Shan District, Beijing 100049, China;1. Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EREN (Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie nutritionnelle), U1153 Inserm, Inra, Cnam, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistiques, CRNH IdF, 93017 Bobigny, France;2. Paris-Est Créteil University, Department of Geography, Lab-Urba, Urbanism Institute of Paris, 75013 Paris, France;3. Department of Public Health, hôpital Avicenne (AP–HP), 93000 Bobigny, France;4. Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie–Paris 6, Department of Nutrition Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP–HP), Centre for Research on Human Nutrition Île-de-France (CRNH IdF), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France;1. Organ Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt;1. CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal;2. Discipline of Psychology, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Brisbane, Australia;3. Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands;4. Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;1. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago;5. Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago;2. Department of Hematology and Oncology, St James''s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland;3. Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, St James''s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland;4. Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, Japan;1. Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Bakersfield, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesTo investigate whether adults self-classified as regular and irregular exercisers tend to differentially perceive the self-regulation of their exercise goals (a between groups comparison) and whether the groups’ differ in their self-regulatory perceptions of an exercise goal versus a goal that strongly interferes with exercise (a within groups comparison).DesignsCross-Sectional Survey.MethodsCollege students (N=399, 66% female), who were either regular or irregular exercisers, completed the Goal Systems Assessment Battery [GSAB; Karoly, P., & Ruehlman, L. S. (1995). Goal cognition and its clinical implications: Development and preliminary validation of four motivational assessment instruments. Assessment, 2, 113–129] for the goal of exercise and for a self-selected interfering goal. The GSAB gauges how individuals evaluate multiple functional components of self-regulation.ResultsA doubly multivariate MANOVA revealed a significant interaction between exercise regularity and goal type. Irregular exercisers manifested a pattern of goal regulatory thinking favoring their interfering goal relative to their exercise goal with respect to its value and the extent of their monitoring, planning, social comparison, and self-rewarding their progress toward that goal. Regular exercisers tended not to make such regulatory distinctions.ConclusionsAlthough life pursuits identified as interfering with exercise (e.g. academic goals) generally require more of a psychological investment than engaging in exercise, regular exercisers tend to construe their physical activity goals in a manner that closely matches their ratings of competing life aspirations. A dual focus on exercise goals and their aspirational rivals may inform motivational theory and intervention. |
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