The impact of social environment and sex on adolescent social values: A comparison of the kibbutz and the city in Israel

The present study compares the effects of two different socialization environments—the Israeli kibbutz and the city—on the social values held by 16-17 year-olds. A total of 352 boys and girls, 195 porn the city and 157 porn the kibbutz, filled out a specially prepared thirteen-item questionnaire on social values. The results revealed the existence of four factors underlying these values: self-oriented concerns (factor 1), other-oriented concerns (factor 2), reliance on innate spiritual capacities (factor 3), reliance on physical and productive capacities (factor 4). Significant differences on factors 1 and 3 were uncovered for the kibbutz and the city subjects, while boys and girls differed significantly on factors 2 and 4. The findings were discussed in light of the differences in educational systems between the kibbutz and the city, and in light of sex-role differences characteristic of Western society in general.