论道德内化的心理机制及其特征

所谓道德内化，是指个体在后天的社会生活和实践中，经过一定方式的社会学习，接受社会的道德教化，将社会的道德原则、规范和要求转化为其自身的道德需要，形成其自身稳定的道德人格特质和道德行为反应模式的过程。道德内化的心理机制是道德主体的自我意识，它一般由“由我是什么”、“我应当成为什么”和“我必须成为什么”三个逻辑环节组成。道德内化具有他律性和自律性相统一、平衡性和失衡性相统一、共同性和差异性相统一、阶段性和整体性相统一等特点。

On the Internalization of Morality

The internalization of morality refers to the process of transferring the moral principles,moral rules,and moral requirements to individual internal moral demands,which may be reflected through individual moral personality and moral behavior.The process has to be carried out through the self-consciousness of moral agents.The internalization reflects the unity of self-discipline and external regulation,the realization of balance and the loss of balance,etc.