Environmental context effects of background color in free recall |
| |
Authors: | Takeo Isarida Toshiko K Isarida |
| |
Institution: | Faculty of Informatics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan. isarida@inf.shizuoka.ac.jp |
| |
Abstract: | In four experiments, we investigated background-color context effects in free recall. A total of 194 undergraduates studied words presented one by one against a background color, and oral free recall was tested after a 30-sec filled retention interval. A signal for recall was presented against a background color throughout the test. Recalled items were classified as same- and different-context items according to whether the background colors at study and test were the same or different. Significant context effects were found in Experiments I and 2, in which two background colors were randomly alternated word by word. No context effects were found in Experiments 3 and 4, in which a common background color was presented for all items (Experiment 3) or for a number of successive items (Experiment 4). The results indicate that a change in background colors is necessary and sufficient to produce context effects. Implications of the present findings are discussed. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|