《古兰经》见解注释的产生及其类别

《古兰经》注释学是伊斯兰教最早的学科之一。关于经注学的类别,学者们有不同的主张。经注学家伊玛目·哲拉鲁丁·苏尤蒂在其名著《古兰学精义》中认为有两大类别,即传闻注释和见解注释。见解注释也称意见注释,是历代注释学家,随着时代发展,根据社会变化和学科需要,基于经训原则和精神运用理性,发挥个人的正确见解,创制性地解读《古兰经》经文大义的学术举措。很大程度上,见解注释是历代穆斯林"信经而不僵经"的具体反映,是伊斯兰文化与时俱进的真实写照。因此,它的范围相对传闻注释更加广泛,内容尤为丰富,内涵大为延伸,在注释经文方面更加注重现实性。

Generation of the Quran Opinion Tafsir and Its Types

Qur’an Tafsir is one of the earliest Islamic disciplines. Scholars hold different views in its classification. In his masterpiece Within the Secrets of the Order of the Qur’an, Imam Jalal alDin al-Suyuti holds there are two major types, i.e., hearsay tafsir and opinion tafsir. Opinion tafsir is the scholars’ personal interpretation to the Qur’an based on the times, social development and academic needs as well as the principles of the Hadith and the Qur’an. To a large extent, it reflects the fact that the Muslims of all generations "believe in the Qur’an but not rigidify the belief". It is also a portrayal of Islamic culture advancing with times. With the abundant contents and much extended connotations, it has a larger scope than hearsay tafsir and attaches more importance to reality in adding commentaries to the Qur’an.