Discriminative reaction time in children as related to amount of stimulus familiarization |
| |
| Authors: | G N Cantor J H Cantor |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA;1. Aircraft and Propulsion Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Beihang University, Ningbo 315832, China;2. National Laboratory for Computational Fluid Dynamics, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;3. CORIA – CNRS, Normandie Université, INSA de Rouen, 76801 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France;4. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;5. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Institute of Energy Futures, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK |
| |
| Abstract: | Eighty 4- to 6-year-old children were each exposed to 40 presentations of a light stimulus during a familiarization experience. Amount of familiarization was varied by including either 35 or 5 exposures to a light of a given hue (red or green). Additional presentations (5 or 35) of a white light served to equate the total number of exposures. After familiarization, S was given 50 discriminative reaction time trials in which the red and the green light each served as the signal to respond on half the trials. In relation to the familiarization experience, the red light was “familiar” and the green light “novel” for half the Ss, whereas the reversed relation obtained for the remaining Ss. Response speeds were significantly faster to the novel than to the familiar stimulus, this effect being of comparable magnitude for low and high amounts of familiarization. In addition, a sequential analysis which took into account whether a given reaction time trial involved a stimulus which was the same as (“unchanged”) or different from (“changed”) the stimulus occurring on the immediately preceding trial revealed that: (a) responses were significantly faster to the novel than to the familiar stimulus on both unchanged and changed trials; and (b) responses were significantly faster on changed than on unchanged trials. The discussion points up the possibility that two types of “novelty” are involved in this situation: (a) novelty due to the familiarization experience; and (b) novelty inherent in changing from one stimulus to another from trial to trial within the discriminative reaction time task itself. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
