情绪效价与面孔类型对幼儿无意视盲的影响

幼儿对不同的情绪面孔图片存在不同的注意偏向，考察情绪效价与面孔类型对幼儿无意视盲的影响，可以帮助我们进一步认识幼儿对情绪面孔的注意偏向。本研究采用静态无意视盲的实验范式，通过2（面孔类型：符号化卡通、真人）×2（情绪效价：积极、消极）被试间完全随机设计，考察了111名幼儿（62.5±3.6个月，男生60名）在无意注意条件下对不同情绪效价和不同类型面孔的觉察情况。结果表明：（1）幼儿对积极情绪面孔的觉察率显著高于消极情绪面孔；（2）符号化卡通面孔与真人面孔的整体觉察率不存在显著差异；（3）积极情绪面孔中符号化卡通面孔的觉察率高于真人面孔。综上，情绪效价对无意视盲的影响会基于面孔类型的不同而不同，幼儿对卡通积极情绪面孔有更显著的注意偏向。

The Effect of Emotional Valence and Facial Type on Children's Inattentional Blindness

Preschoolers have attentional biases on different kinds of emotional faces. This research uses the static cross judgment, an inattentional blindness paradigm, to investigate the attentional bias of children with two kinds of emotions appearing on two types of face. It is 2 (face: symbolic cartoon & real face)×2 (emotion: positive & negative emotion) design in a number of 111 participants (60 males) with average of 62.5 months. The detection rate of positive emotional faces was significantly higher than the negative ones but the difference between symbolic cartoon and real faces did not exist. When the face was happy face, however, the detection rate of cartoon was higher than that of real ones.These results suggested that emotion had a significant impact on children in the IB paradigm, while facial type did not has direct effect. The effect of emotion on IB varied depending on the type of face.