抑制引起的遗忘及其神经机制

当面对不愉快的提醒时, 人们通常会试图阻止那些不想要的记忆出现在脑海中。先前的研究表明, 抑制不想要的记忆的检索会降低这些记忆的可及性, 引起遗忘, 这一效应称为抑制引起的遗忘(suppression- induced forgetting, SIF)。SIF的神经机制涉及右背外侧前额叶皮层和额中回的激活增加, 以及海马的激活受到抑制。SIF的程度受记忆材料的情绪效价、个体的病理性情绪状态和训练的影响。未来研究应在深入了解SIF神经机制的基础上, 考虑如何提高临床病理性记忆的SIF效果, 以达到治疗目的。

Neural mechanisms of suppression-induced forgetting

When confronted with reminders of an unpleasant memory,people often try to prevent the unwanted memory from coming to mind.Suppression-induced forgetting(SIF)means that the attempt to prevent unwanted memories from entering awareness results in a decrease in the long-term accessibility of these memories.Previous studies indicated that the suppression of retrieval is accomplished by control mechanisms that inhibit unwanted memories.Suppressing retrieval increased engagement of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and middle frontal gyrus and concomitantly decreased engagement of the hippocampus.The degree of SIF is affected by the emotionality of information and an individual’s emotional state and training.Future studies should investigate ways to improve the therapeutic effects of SIF on clinical pathological memory based on an in-depth understanding of the neural mechanisms of SIF.