大学生自尊与微信成瘾：状态焦虑和网络人际信任的中介作用

摘要 为探究大学生微信成瘾的原因及其心理机制，采用自尊量表、网络人际信任量表、状态焦虑量表和微信成瘾量表对931名来自三所高校的大学生进行调查。结果表明：（1）自尊与焦虑、微信成瘾显著负相关；焦虑与网络人际信任显著负相关；网络人际信任、焦虑与微信成瘾显著正相关。（2）自尊对微信成瘾有显著的直接预测作用，而且能够通过焦虑、以及焦虑和网络人际信任的链式中介作用间接对微信成瘾产生影响。研究结果对减少大学生微信成瘾具有一定的借鉴意义。

The Relationship between Self-Esteem and WeChat Addiction Among Undergraduate Students:The Multiple Mediating Roles of State Anxiety and Online Interpersonal Trust

With fashionable interface design and powerful functions,WeChat has gradually become one of the most popular social tools in recent years.While WeChat has brought us some convenience,excessive use can lead to negative outcomes,such as WeChat addiction.Previous studies have found a correlation between self-esteem and social media addiction,but its underlying mechanisms have not been further explored.Therefore,this study attempted to explore the underlying mechanisms between self-esteem and WeChat addiction.Based on the Terror Management Theory of social behavior,we supposed that for individuals with state anxiety caused by low self-esteem,WeChat use could compensate for the lack of self-worth,and that the satisfaction of this need would strengthen their behavior and would eventually lead to WeChat addiction.Therefore,we assumed that state anxiety would mediate the relationship between self-esteem and WeChat addiction.Meanwhile,based on the"Rich Get Richer"hypothesis,individuals with high self-esteem would develop high online interpersonal trust,thus promoting the use of WeChat to seek social contact,which might increase the susceptibility of WeChat addiction.Therefore,we assumed that online interpersonal trust might be another mediator between self-esteem and WeChat addiction.Furthermore,we supposed state anxiety and internet interpersonal trust would play a serial mediating role between self-esteem and WeChat addiction.A total of 931 undergraduate students(419 males,512 females)with an average age of 19.59 years old completed a series of paper-and-pencil questionnaires.The questionnaires included the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale(RSES),WeChat Addiction Scale(WIA),State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI),and Online Interpersonal Trust Scale(OIT).Data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and Mplus 7.4,and the bias-corrected percentile bootstrap method was used to test the mediating roles of anxiety and online interpersonal trust.Harman’s test suggested that there was not serious common method bias in this study.The results showed that:(1)Self-esteem was negatively correlated with state anxiety and WeChat addiction;State anxiety was negatively correlated with online interpersonal trust;Online interpersonal trust and state anxiety were positively correlated with WeChat addiction.(2)Although self-esteem could not directly predict WeChat addiction,it could predict WeChat addiction via state anxiety.(3)State anxiety and online interpersonal trust played a serial mediating role between self-esteem and WeChat addiction.Based on the Terror Management Theory and the"Rich Get Richer"hypotheses,this study has found the underlying mechanisms between selfesteem and WeChat addiction.Given the social attributes of WeChat,we found that online interpersonal trust can directly predict WeChat addiction.Though not consistent with previous studies,this finding reveals the particularity and complexity of WeChat addiction.On the other hand,self-esteem could not directly predict online interpersonal trust,which may be caused by the complexity of online relationships.This study provides some evidence to distinguish the interpersonal trust in real life from that in the network.Future research can further consider a variety of methods,as well as more factors affecting WeChat use motivation.