口译员的认知转换优势

口译可视为一种强化的双语转换活动。与一般双语者相比, 口译员在基于规则(rule-based)的转换与基于任务(task-based)的转换两方面都表现出了优势, 但基于任务的转换优势存在局部转换与整体监控的争议。经初步探索, 口译训练首先带来局部转换优势(单价任务的转换代价), 随后带来整体监控优势(双价任务的混合代价)。口译涉及的高强度语言转换及特殊的语言控制特性可能是影响口译员认知转换优势的因素。上述结果对双语优势及其他相关研究有启示作用。

Interpreter advantages in switching ability

Interpreting can be regarded as an intensive language switching activity.Compared with non-interpreting bilinguals,interpreters have shown advantages in both abilities of rule-based switch and task-based switch.However,it is still disputed whether interpreter advantages in task-based switch originate from local switch or global monitoring.Preliminary evidence shows that interpreting training first brings interpreters an advantage in local switch(indexed by switch cost in a univalent switching task),and then later it may bring interpreters an advantage in global monitoring(indexed by mixing cost in a bivalent switching task).The intensity of language switch and other particular language control features of interpreting are probably the factors affecting the presence and development of interpreters’advantages in switching.These results have implications for research on bilingual advantages and other related topics.