傅斯年的心理学探索及其贡献

傅斯年是被忽视的近代中国心理学人, 他与心理学渊源极深, 不仅是近代科学心理学思想的学习者、传播者, 也是科学心理学思想的践行者。傅斯年学习心理学前后共12年, 写有《心理分析导引》专著一部, 最早翻译麦独孤的《群体心理学》, 另有《性命古训辩证》等哲学著作和多篇文章阐述其心理学观点。傅斯年认为中国近代学术包括心理学研究必然走向科学化, 做出“科学化的东方学之正统在中国”的基本判断, 将“有群众无社会的无秩序取向” “心中无主义的心气薄弱性” “万恶之源的家庭教育”作为当时民众心理发展的三大障碍, 并倡导民众确定一个健康的、即物穷理的、积极努力和纪律约束并存的人性观。傅斯年参与了“中研院”心理研究所、中山大学和台湾大学心理系的创建, 与蔡元培、汪敬熙、唐钺、苏芗雨等心理学人关系密切, 共同推动了科学心理学在中国的传播和早期中国心理学学科建设, 其一生中存在一条选择心理学, 学习心理学, 离开心理学又助推心理学和运用心理学的心灵探索之路。

Fu Ssu-nien: The exploration and contribution in psychology

As a pioneer in learning, spreading, and utilizing modern scientific psychology in modern China, Mr. Fu Ssu-nien has been neglected by psychological researchers for many years. In 12 years of studying on psychology, Mr. Fu wrote and translated several philosophical monographs to illustrate his psychological views, such as Introduction to psychoanalysis, Group Psychology, and Hsing Ming Ku-Hsǔn Pien-Cheng. Based on these efforts, Mr. Fu made a profound analysis of the Chinese traditional view of human nature, the trend of scientism in modern psychology, the psychoanalytic thought of psychoanalytic school, and then judged that the modern Chinese psychological research would eventually become scientific. Moreover, Mr. Fu summarized barriers of development of mass mind from three aspects including society, family and individual, and then generated and advocated a basic view of humanity containing effort, sense of discipline, the concept of rational and health. Furthermore, working together with Cai Yuan-Pei, Wang Jing-Xi, Tang Yue, and Su Xiang-Yu, Mr. Fu devoted to the early construction of the discipline of psychology and promoted the development of scientific psychology in modern China.