特征整合与加工深度对道德概念容器隐喻联结的影响

提出了隐喻提取假说将隐喻联结的形成和提取进行分离, 并通过3个实验探究了道德概念与容器空间的隐喻联结及其受知觉加工深度和特征整合程度的影响。实验1采用空间Stroop范式, 实验2a和实验2b均采用启动范式, 实验3a和实验3b均采用加入任务要求的Stroop范式。结果发现：(1)在经典Stroop范式中未发现道德概念与容器空间的隐喻联结; (2)在启动范式中发现, 较深知觉加工深度下道德概念与容器空间存在较弱的隐喻联结; (3)在较高特征整合程度的Stroop任务中, 道德概念与容器空间存在较强的隐喻联结。结果表明：道德概念与容器空间存在道德为内、不道德为外的隐喻联结, 这种隐喻联结在映射上表现为双向性, 并且受到特征整合程度和知觉加工深度的影响, 同时也为隐喻提取假说提供了证据支持。

The influence of feature integration and processing depth on metaphorical association between moral concepts and container space

How to understand abstract concepts has always been a research focus in cognitive linguistics.The viewpoint,which is represented by conceptual metaphor theory and perceptual symbol theory,demonstrates that abstract concepts are acquired and grasped through the experience of perceptual movement of the body,and through the understanding and construction of metaphor.As a typical abstract concept,the acquisition of a moral concept's meaning is also based on relevant experience.We propose and test a general hypothesis,which we call the metaphorical retrieval hypothesis(MRH).According to this hypothesis,metaphor mapping is bidirectional and feature integration and processing depth affect the retrieval of metaphor association.In Chinese,there are some psychological metaphors in moral concepts and container space,but there are no linguistic metaphors.Therefore,this metaphorical association is weak,which helps us to verify the metaphor retrieval hypothesis.To explore these questions,the metaphorical association between moral concepts and container space is investigated through three experiments in this study.All experiments were performed using Eprime 2.0.The Stroop paradigm was adopted in Experiment 1 to explore the metaphorical association between Chinese moral concepts and container space.Participants were asked to make moral judgments about words appearing on the inside and outside of the circle.The purpose of Experiment 2a was to investigate the mapping of the target domain to the source domain at low or deep levels of perceptual processing.A priming paradigm was used in which participants were asked to judge the position of the letters in one block task and the category of the letters in another block task,respectively,when a letter was shown on the inside or outside of the container,then the words appeared in the position of the letter and participants judged whether it was moral or immoral.Experiment 2b utilized the same paradigm as Experiment 2a,but the present order of the letter judgment and the moral judgment was reversed in order to explore the mapping of the source domain to the target domain at low and deep levels of perceptual processing depth.Experiment 3a used the same paradigm as experiment 1,during which participants were required to make moral judgments by pressing different buttons about the Chinese words based on whether it appeared inside or outside the circle.The aim of Experiment 3a was to explore the influence of the feature integrational degree on the orientation mapping from the target domain to the source domain.Similarly,to explore the influence of feature integrational degree on the orientation mapping from the source domain to the target domain,Experiment 3b adopted the same paradigm as Experiment 3a,but participants were asked to make container space judgments by pressing different buttons about the Chinese words based on whether it was moral or immoral.Repeated ANOVA analysis was used to analyze the data in the experiments.In Experiment 1,we collected the reaction time of lexical judgment of participants,and the results did not reveal a significant Stroop effect.In Experiment 2a,the reaction time of participants in the lexical judgment task was also recorded.The results showed that the effect of metaphorical consistency,which was incomplete,was only in the deeper perceptual processing depth.In Experiment 2b,the reaction time of participants in the letter judgment task was analyzed.Consistent with Experiment 2a,an incomplete metaphorical consistency effect was found only in the deeper perceptual processing depth.In Experiment 3a,the reaction time of participants in the lexical judgment task was collected,and a complete and strong metaphorical consistency effect was proved.Finally,in Experiment 3b,the reaction time of participants in the container space judgment task was recorded,and the results also suggested a complete and strong metaphorical consistency effect.In summary,the following conclusions were drawn from the three experiments.First,there was a psychological metaphor between moral concept and container space,which was represented as moral internally and immoral externally,respectively.The mapping between container space and moral concepts was bidirectional.Second,the metaphorical association and bidirectional mapping between container space and moral concepts were affected by the depth of perceptual processing and degree of feature integration.Finally,this study also provided evidence to support the Metaphorical Retrieval Hypothesis.