高中生的亲子沟通质量对情绪性刺激注意偏向的影响

为了探讨高中生亲子沟通质量对情绪性刺激注意偏向的影响，实验一采用亲子沟通量表，筛选出亲子沟通高分组和低分组，两组被试参加点探测任务，要求被试迅速判断情绪性图片出现后呈现的圆点的位置。实验为2（组别：高亲子沟通组、低亲子沟通组）×2（情绪类型：负性和正性）×2（探测点位置一致性：一致、不一致）的混合实验设计。结果发现，负性和正性刺激的不一致条件反应时均显著短于一致条件的反应时。实验二采用事件相关电位（ERP）记录了情绪性图片诱发的信号反应。结果发现，亲子沟通高分组对负性刺激所诱发的注意指向和集中（P2成分）及选择和巩固（P3成分）显著高于低分组。以上结果表明，亲子沟通较好，在注意早期定向和选择中会对负性情绪刺激产生注意偏向。亲子沟通较差，则对情绪性的刺激没有明显的偏向性，类似于“漠不关心”的状态。

The Effects of Parent-child Communication of High School Students on the Attention Bias of Affactive Stimuli

In order to explore the effects of the quality of parent-child communication in high school students on the attention bias in the processing of affactive stimuli, firstly, the parent-child communication questionnaire was used to select the high group and the low group of parent-child communication. Both groups participated in a behavioral experiment task by employing the dot-probe paradigm (Experiment 1). Participants were instructed to response for the position of a dot followed a probe. The experiment employed a 2×2 within-subject design, with the affective picture pairs of the probe (negative, positive), and the validity of the probe and dot position (valid, invalid). The experiment simultaneously recorded behavioral data and event-related potential data. The data of Experiment 1 showed a significant effect of inhibition return, which terms that the reaction times in invalid condition were faster than that in valid condition. Experiment 2 used event-ralated potential (ERP) technology to investigate the neural mechanism underlying the attentional bias to affective stimuli. Data of Experiment 2 showed that the high group of family communication triggered a larger amplitude of P2 and P3 components than the low group of family communication, suggesting an attentional bias to the aggressive stimuli. Behavioral and ERP data suggested that the students with better family communication could pay more attention to aggressive stimuli in the early stage of orientation selection. Students with poor family communication were not found to have the attentional bias toward the affective stimuli, leading to a state of ‘indifferent care’.