催产素调控心理韧性:基于对海马的作用机制

心理韧性指个体面对逆境、挫折或重大威胁等应激情境下的有效且灵活适应的能力, 促进机体恢复正常的生理和心理功能。研究表明海马是调控心理韧性的重要脑区, 且催产素可能通过作用于海马增强心理韧性。海马内部环路内嗅皮层-齿状回-CA3可能调节恐惧记忆的泛化和消退以增强心理韧性; 海马外部环路齿状回-杏仁核-伏隔核及海马-伏隔核环路调节情绪, 可能分别通过促进奖赏和带来厌恶进而增强或降低心理韧性。催产素作用于海马增强心理韧性的可能途径有:催产素促进海马神经发生, 降低海马腹侧成熟神经元对应激的敏感性, 提高海马“模式分离”功能, 降低应激记忆泛化; 催产素恢复海马谢弗侧枝-CA1突触长时程增强, 促进机体适应应激; 催产素降低海马糖皮质激素受体水平, 重新建立机体稳态。

Effects of oxytocin on psychological resilience:The neurochemical mechanisms in the hippocampus

Psychological resilience refers to the process of effective and flexible adaptation in the face of adversity,trauma,tragedy,threats and other significant sources of stress.It helps the organism restore to a normal physiological and psychological status.Previous studies have shown that the hippocampus plays an important role in psychological resilience,and oxytocin may promote psychological resilience by modulating the hippocampus.Studies suggest that entorhinal cortex-dentate gyrus-CA3 circus in the hippocampus may improve resilience by reducing the generalization or promoting the extinction of stress-related memory;dentate gyrus-amygdala-nucleus accumbens and hippocampus-nucleus accumbens circuits may enhance or reduce resilience by promoting reward and disgust respectively.Oxytocin regulates the hippocampus in four ways to improve psychological resilience.In ventral hippocampus,oxytocin reduces the sensitivity of mature neurons in ventral hippocampus to stress by stimulating dentate gyrus neurogenesis;Oxytocin stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis to enhance the function of“pattern separation”in the dentate gyrus–CA3 circuit and reduce the generalization of stress-associated memory;Oxytocin promotes the ability of adaptation to stress by rescuing stress-induced impairments in NMDAR-dependent LTP of hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses;Oxytocin decreases the expression of glucocorticoid receptor in hippocampus to re-establish homeostasis.