汉语高功能自闭症儿童代词加工:利用提及顺序和重读线索的表现

采用句子理解任务分别探究了5~7岁的汉语高功能自闭症儿童在单独提及顺序线索，提及顺序线索和重读线索共现两种条件下代词加工的表现。研究结果表明，汉语高功能自闭症儿童不像智商和工作记忆广度匹配的同龄典型发展儿童一样能够单独利用提及顺序线索加工代词，即倾向于选择首先提及的实体作为代词的指称对象，而表现为随机选择代词所指。当提及顺序线索和重读线索共现时，典型发展儿童在两条线索一致和冲突时都倾向于依靠重读线索加工代词，而汉语高功能自闭症儿童对两条线索都不敏感，表现为随机选择代词所指。这表明5~7岁的汉语高功能儿童不能够利用这两条线索加工代词，在利用语篇突显性线索加工代词方面存在困难。

Pronouns Processing in Mandarin-speaking Children with High-functioning Autism: Use of Mention Order Cue and Accent Cue

The current study applied sentence comprehension task to investigate whether 5~7 years old Mandarin-speaking children with high-functioning autism can use the sole mention order cue and co-occur mention order and accent cues to process pronouns. The result of the first experiment indicates that Mandarin-speaking children with high-functioning autism randomly chose the references of the pronouns, which means they cannot use mention order alone to process pronouns. However, 5~7 years old typically developing children whose IQ and working memory span are matched with the children with high-functioning autism can use this cue to choose the reference of the pronoun. When the mention order cue appears simultaneously with accent cue, no matter the accent order cue is congruency or incongruency with the mention order cue, typically developing children show the tendency to rely on the accent cue to process the pronouns. However, the children with high-functioning autism were insensitive to these cues, still randomly chose the references of the pronouns. The results of the two experiments indicate that 5~7 years old mandarin-speaking children with high-functioning autism cannot use mention order cue and accent cue to process pronouns, in other words, it is difficult for they to process pronouns by the discourse prominence cues.