大学生同一性状态与时间管理:生命时间流逝情绪和流逝注意的中介作用

我国自古便有“通过强调时间流逝而珍惜当下”的教育与文化传统，对这一“时间认知影响时间行为”的作用机理，当前所知不多。采用问卷法对2232名低年级大学生调查，以考察同一性状态、生命时间流逝情绪、流逝注意与时间管理之间的关系.结果显示：（1）同一性获得、延缓状态正向直接预测时间管理倾向各维度（时间价值感、监控观与效能感）；早闭状态直接正向预测时间监控观、负向预测效能感；扩散状态直接负向预测时间价值感和监控观；（2）获得状态通过流逝情绪间接预测监控观和效能感；（3）延缓状态通过流逝情绪、流逝注意间接预测监控观、效能感，还能通过流逝注意间接预测价值感；（4）早闭状态通过流逝注意间接预测时间管理各维度，其中，流逝注意在“早闭—价值”间起完全中介作用。

Ego Identity Status and Time Management in College Students: Mediating Effect of Emotion and Attention of Passage of Life Time

We often persuade others to cherish the present time by emphasizing the feeling of the passage of time. This is the educational and cultural tradition in China since the ancient times. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of the time awareness influence on time behavior. The questionnaire method is adopted to survey 2232 junior college students, investigate the relationships among the ego-identity status, emotion of passage of life time, attention of passage of life time and time management. This research provided several conclusions. First, achievement and Moratorium predict sense of time value, sense of time control and sense of time efficacy positively, while foreclosure predicts sense of time control positively, and sense of time efficacy negatively. Diffusion predicts sense of time value and sense of time control negatively. Second, identity achievement indirectly predicts sense of time control and sense of time efficacy through emotion of passage of life time. Third, moratorium indirectly predicts sense of time control and sense of time efficacy through emotion and attention of passage of life time. Meanwhile, it predicts sense of time value through attention of passage of life time. Lastly, foreclosure indirectly predicts sense of time value, sense of time control and sense of time efficacy. Interestingly, attention of passage of lifetime plays a completely mediating role between foreclosure and sense of time value.