Associations between prenatal substance exposure,prenatal violence victimization,unintended pregnancy,and trauma exposure in childhood in a clinical setting |
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Authors: | Emily M. Cohodes Dylan G. Gee Alicia F. Lieberman |
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Affiliation: | 1. Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;2. Child Trauma Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California |
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Abstract: | Given the importance of early prevention and intervention strategies for children exposed to trauma, detection of early risk factors for exposure to traumatic events in childhood is critical. The present study examined associations between three known prenatal risk factors that characterize environmental instability in utero—prenatal substance exposure, prenatal violence victimization, and unintended pregnancy—and child exposure to interparental violence and other adverse experiences in a sample of 198 mother–child dyads (M child age = 44.48 months) referred to a hospital clinic for treatment following exposure to trauma. Prenatal substance and violence exposure were associated with child trauma exposure, and prenatal violence victimization was also associated with maternal severity ratings of traumatic exposures. Unintended pregnancy was not associated with child trauma exposure or severity. These findings expand our understanding of prenatal risk factors for trauma exposure in childhood and, specifically, highlight prenatal substance exposure and violence victimization as risk factors for subsequent exposure to trauma in early childhood. Results suggest that prenatal prevention and intervention programs should target reducing maternal substance use and in-utero exposure to violence. |
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Keywords: | prenatal risk factors prenatal substance exposure prenatal violence victimization preschool-age children trauma unintended pregnancy factores de riesgo prenatales estar expuesto a sustancias prenatalmente la victimización prenatal de la violencia embarazo no intencional trauma niños en edad prescolar facteurs de risque prénatal exposition à des substances toxiques avant la naissance victimisation liée à la violence prénatale grossesse involontaire trauma petite enfance pränatale Risikofaktoren pränatale Drogenexposition pränatale Gewalterfahrung ungewollte Schwangerschaft Trauma Kinder im Vorschulalter 胎児期の危険因子 胎児期の薬物暴露 胎児期の暴力虐待 予期せぬ妊娠 トラウマ 就学前児童 產前風險因素 產前物質使用 產前暴力受害 意外懷孕 創傷 學齡前兒童 الكلمات الرئيسية: عوامل الخطر قبل الولادة التعرض لمواد ما قبل الولادة الإيذاء أثناء الولادة الحمل غير المقصود الصدمة النفسية الأطفال في سن ما قبل المدرسة |
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