Infant withdrawal and behavior problems in urban Chinese toddlers: Roles of maternal sensitivity to infant distress and emerging delay ability |
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Authors: | Xi Liang Min Liu Meifang Wang Jie Yu Zhengyan Wang Shan Lu |
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Affiliation: | 1. Research Centre for Child Development, Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China;2. College of Education, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii;3. Elementary Education College, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China |
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Abstract: | Using a longitudinal design, this study examined the associations between infant temperamental withdrawal and behavior problems during toddlerhood and tested the moderating effects of maternal sensitivity to infant distress (MSID) and toddlers’ ability to delay gratification (ADG) in urban Chinese families. Participants were 84 Chinese children (37 boys, 47 girls) and their mothers. When the infants were 6 months old (T1: infancy), their mothers reported their temperamental withdrawal, and research assistants observed and coded MSID by using a subscale of the Maternal Behavior Q-Sort during free-play interaction. When the toddlers were 1 year old (T2: early toddlerhood), their mothers reported their internalizing and externalizing problems. When the toddlers were 2 years old (T3: late toddlerhood), their mothers again reported their internalizing and externalizing problems, and their abilities of delay gratification were assessed through a laboratory-based procedure. Infant temperamental withdrawal was associated with increased internalizing problems in early toddlerhood and increased externalizing problems during middle to late toddlerhood; infants whose mothers were extremely high sensitive or low sensitive to their distress or those with late poor ability of delay gratification were at particular risk. The findings highlight the importance of matching parenting and promotion of self-control for temperamental withdrawn children's optimal development. |
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Keywords: | ability to delay gratification behavior problems infant temperamental withdrawal maternal sensitivity to infant distress problemas de conducta despego temperamental del infante sensibilidad materna a la angustia del infante habilidad para retrasar la gratificación problèmes de comportement retrait tempéramental du nourrisson sensibilité maternelle à la détresse du nourrisson capacité à retarder la gratification Verhaltensprobleme temperamentsbedingter Rückzug von Säuglingen mütterliche Sensitivität für kindlichen Disstress Fähigkeit zum Belohnungsaufschub 行動上の問題 乳児期の気質的引きこもり 乳児の苦痛に対する母親の感受性 満足遅延耐性の能力 行為問題 嬰兒退縮氣質 母親對嬰兒痛苦的敏感性 延遲滿足的能力 مشاكل سلوكية الانسحاب المزاجي للرضع حساسية الام لمحنه الرضع القدرة علي تأخير الإشباع |
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