The impact of digital image configuration on submarine periscope operator workload,situation awareness,meta-awareness and performance |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Western, Australia;2. Defence Science and Technology Group, Australia;3. Ergonomie, Australia;1. Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67100, Turkey;2. Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34700, Turkey;1. School of Computer Science & Engineering, VIT-AP, Andhra Pradesh, India;2. National Institute of Technology, Silchar, India;1. Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Medical Radiation Engineering Group, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Submarine periscopes are moving from analog to digital, but there is a lack of empirical evidence regarding the relative advantages that different digital human–machine interface configurations might provide to the operator. We experimentally compared the effectiveness of two digital concepts for displaying and analysing periscope imagery during a simulated submarine mission. OPTIX modelled a traditional periscope by presenting a narrow (20° horizontal arc) rotating image of the horizon. OPTIMUS displayed the full 360° panoramic representation of the horizon and was augmented with digital analysis tools. OPTIMUS supported faster and more accurate performance by participants (N = 32) and lowered perceived workload, compared to when the same participants used OPTIX. However, time taken to respond to situation awareness queries and awareness of one’s own performance (meta-awareness) was poorer when using OPTIMUS. OPTIMUS holds an advantage in that it can improve performance whilst reducing workload, but the SA and meta-awareness decrements are potentially problematic. |
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| Keywords: | Workload Human–machine interface Submarines Periscope Situation awareness |
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