Basic psychological need frustration scale: Adaptation and validation to active commuting to school in Spanish children and adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Education & Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Spain;2. PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain;3. La Inmaculada Teacher Training Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain;4. Department of Physical and Sports Education, PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain;5. Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Spain;6. SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain;7. Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain;8. Faculty of Education, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain;1. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Australia;2. Metro Trains Melbourne, Australia;1. Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748 Garching, Germany;2. BMW Group, Knorrstr. 147, 80937 Munich, Germany;1. Department of Creative Product Design, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital (Yunlin Branch);1. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand;2. Department of Epidemiology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand;3. Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand;4. Road Safety Policy Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand;5. Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Udon Thani Provincial Public Health Office, Udon Thani, Thailand;6. The Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | Based on self-determination theory (SDT), the aims of this study were to adapt the Psychological Need Thwarting Scale to active commuting to and from school, as well as to gather information about validity and reliability of the Basic Psychological Need Frustration Scale in Active Commuting to and from School (BPNFS-ACS). A total of 285 children and adolescents, aged 10–17 years, participated (49.47 % girls; Mage = 12.88, SDage = 2.16). Need satisfaction and frustration, as well as motivation for ACS were measured. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the 12-item three-factor correlated model, which was invariant across gender and age. Convergent validity was met with suitable values for average variance extracted. Discriminant validity was obtained by acceptable values for the heterotrait–monotrait ratio of correlations and the correlations among the three latent factors. Reliability was also supported by adequate scores on Cronbach’s alpha, Raykov’s coefficient, and intra-class correlation coefficient. Criterion validity was evidenced by a negative prediction from need frustration to active commuting to school, and a positive association of need satisfaction with active commuting to school. Results support the use of the BPNFS-ACS for the purpose of gaining deeper insight into the “dark side” of motivation for active school transport among Spanish children and adolescents. |
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| Keywords: | Autonomy Competence Relatedness Frustration Self-determination Psychological needs Active transport Validation Youth |
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