Implicit theories in driving: Scale development,validation, and predictive role on violations and driving self-efficacy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Marseille, France;2. Univ Gustave Eiffel, TS2-LMA, F-13300 Salon de Provence, France;1. Department of Management, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;2. Research Organization for Regional Alliance, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;3. Kochi Kenshin Clinic 2-4-36, Chiyoricho, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;1. VEDECOM Institute, Versailles, France;2. Laboratoire d’Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), University Lyon 2, Bron, France;1. School of Business, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China;2. Institute of Intelligent Decision-Making, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China;3. Manufacturing Industry Development Research Centre on Wuhan City Circle, Wuhan 430056, China;4. School of Accounting, Information Systems and Supply Chain, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;1. Monash University Accident Research Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;2. Interdisciplinary Pain Palliative and Support Care Service, Integrative Medicine (UIC22), Nantes University Hospital Center, Therapeutic Laboratory (EA 3826), France;3. University of Toulouse, CLLE, UMR-CNRS 5263, Toulouse, France;4. TS2-LESCOT, University of Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, University of Lyon, F-69675 Lyon, France;1. Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | Implicit theories focus on how ability may be perceived by individuals. There are two main beliefs: entity beliefs (i.e., driving ability is a gift) and incremental beliefs (i.e., driving ability is improvable through effort). Implicit theories have been studied in various domains (e.g., education, sport), but never in driving, even though they could improve the knowledge of drivers’ psychological characteristics. The first objective of the present study was to develop and validate a questionnaire measuring implicit theories in driving. The second objective was to assess the predictive role of implicit theories on violations and driving self-efficacy, and the moderating role of gender. In study 1, confirmatory factor analysis, analyses of gender invariance, and concurrent validity were assessed to validate the questionnaire named Implicit Theories in Driving Questionnaire (ITDQ). In study 2, the predictive role of implicit theories on violations and driving self-efficacy was evaluated using multiple regression analyses. Moderation analyses evaluated the moderating role of gender on the relationships between implicit theories and violations, along with driving self-efficacy. The ITDQ showed acceptable psychometric properties. The results highlighted that entity beliefs positively predicted aggressive violations and negatively predicted driving self-efficacy. Conversely, incremental beliefs negatively predicted ordinary violations and positively predicted driving self-efficacy. The ITDQ is a valid scale now available for assessing implicit theories in driving, that have been shown to influence self-reported driving behavior. Future research on implicit theories in driving may help to better understand the psychological characteristics of at-risk drivers and improve driver’s training, to reduce the number of road accidents. |
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| Keywords: | Entity beliefs Incremental beliefs Accidents Risky driving Driving behavior |
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