Moral disengagement mechanisms in interactions of human drivers with autonomous vehicles: Validation of a new scale and relevance with personality,driving style and attitudes |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 1C7, Canada;2. Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1400 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 1C7, Canada;3. Centre on Aging, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, 338 Isbister Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada;1. Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Victoria, australia;2. Road Safety Victoria, Department of Transport, Victoria, Australia;3. Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Victoria, Australia;4. Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Victoria, Australia;5. Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia;6. Sunnybrook Hospital, Ontario, Canada;7. Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec, Québec, Canada;8. Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;1. UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, GIP CYCERON, Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France;2. UNICAEN, CNRS, LMNO, Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France;3. UNICAEN, ENSICAEN, LAC, Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France;4. UNICAEN, EPHE Paris, INSERM, NIMH, GIP Cyceron, Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France;5. USR CNRS 3413 SANPSY Sommeil, Addiction et NeuroPSYchiatrie, 33000 Bordeaux, France;6. Université Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;1. Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Victoria, Australia;2. CRC for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;3. Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia;4. Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR), The University of Queensland, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in the road transportation systems raises questions with respect to their interactions with human drivers’, especially during the early stages. Issues such as unfamiliarity or false assumptions regarding the timid and safe behaviour of AVs could potentially result in undesirable human driver behaviours, for instance “testing” AVs or being aggressive towards them. Among other factors, morality has been determined as a source of aggressive driving behaviour. Following previous approaches on moral disengagement, the current paper argues that moral standards during interactions of human drivers with AVs could potentially blur, leading to the disengagement of self-regulation mechanisms of moral behaviour. The study investigates the impact of moral disengagement on the intention of human drivers to be aggressive towards AVs. To that end, an online survey was conducted including a newly developed survey of moral disengagement, adapted to the context of AVs. Moreover, measures of personality, driving style, attitudes towards sharing the road with AVs and perceived threats were collected. A confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the concept of moral disengagement in the context of AVs. Moreover, relationships between personality, driving style and attitudes towards sharing the road with AVs were found, via a structural equation modelling approach (SEM). The results could have implications in the future driver training and education programmes, as it might be necessary to not only focus on driving skills but also on the development of procedural skills that will improve the understanding of AVs’ capabilities and ensure safer interactions. Efforts on improving attitudes towards AVs may also be necessary for improving human driver behaviour. |
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| Keywords: | Moral disengagement Aggressive driving Autonomous vehicles Personality Attitudes |
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