Investigating the effect of contextual factors on driving: An experimental study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, United States;2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology AgeLab, New England University Transportation Center, United States;1. Monash University Accident Research Centre, 21 Alliance Way, Clayton Campus, Victoria 3800, Australia;2. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia;1. School of Surveying, University of Otago, 310 Castle Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand;2. School of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;4. AGILE Research Ltd., Wellington, New Zealand;1. Road Safety Research Collaboration University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia;2. School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia;1. School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, NSW, Australia;2. Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Alongside human factors, contextual factors are believed to have an ongoing and complex impact on driving outcomes. However, how and to what extent the components of context influence driving outcomes (e.g. rule violations, crash, stress, fatigue) are far beyond full understanding. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of weather condition, lighting condition and traffic density on driving outcomes. Thirty-six volunteers were enrolled to participate into a driving simulator-based experiment. Each participant was required to complete twelve trials of simulated driving under different sets of scenarios. Driving outcome was measured by five dependent variables: frequency of speeding, frequency of lane deviations, number of correct sign recognition, completion time and workload. The results showed the frequency of speeding was significantly affected by weather condition, lighting condition and traffic density. Lighting condition had a significant effect on number of correct sign recognition. Weather condition, lighting condition and traffic density had significant effects on task completion time. Weather condition and lighting condition had significant effects on driver’s workload. The implications of the results could help traffic safety professionals better understand the risk factors that may lead to human errors during driving. Practically, countermeasures could be inspired and developed to mitigate the adverse impacts brought by driving context to minimum. |
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| Keywords: | Contextual factor Weather condition Lighting condition Traffic density Simulator Driving outcomes |
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