Cautious behaviors of pedestrians while crossing narrow streets: Exploration of behaviors using virtual reality experiments |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Urban Design and Studies, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Australia;2. Metro Trains Melbourne, Australia;1. School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia;2. Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia;3. Safety Science Innovation Lab, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia;1. Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748 Garching, Germany;2. BMW Group, Knorrstr. 147, 80937 Munich, Germany;1. Regional Industrial Management Research Institute, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Industrial Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Republic of Korea;3. Automated Driving System R&D Center, Korea Automotive Technology Institute, Republic of Korea;1. Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Traffic Sciences, Friedrich List, Chair of Traffic and Transport Psychology, Germany;2. Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Traffic Sciences Friedrich List, Dresden Institute of Automobile Engineering, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This study explores the cautious behaviors of pedestrians in a typical local street environment using virtual reality (VR)-based experiments under various physical safety design scenarios for roadways. The built environment of this study focused on narrow local roads where frequent daily walking occurs within a neighborhood. VR experiments can provide an objective and accurate measurement of pedestrian behaviors, thus improving the understanding of complicated pedestrian behaviors. Based on experimental data from 200 university students, we identified pedestrians’ crossing behavior that is cautionary or risky concerning various physical safety designs of streets. This study found that there are trade-off relationships between various behaviors which should be systematically studied to produce safer street design guidelines. Furthermore, as the contexts and sequences matter in behaviors for intersection crossing, the interpretation of behaviors should carefully consider the context of built environments and sequential decisions made by pedestrians. This sequential understanding of before- and during-crossing behaviors and their connections expands our knowledge of pedestrians’ crossing behaviors. |
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| Keywords: | Cautious behavior Sequential decision Situation awareness Pedestrian crash Pedestrian accidents Virtual reality |
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