The item-order hypothesis reconsidered: The role of order information in free recall |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Johannes?EngelkampEmail author Petra?Jahn Kerstin?H?Seiler |
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Institution: | (1) FR Psychologie, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany, |
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Abstract: | According to the item-order approach of free recall, in pure short lists the free recall of unrelated items is organized according
to their order of presentation in the study list. The approach was applied in the present study to experimenter-performed
tasks (EPTs) and subject-performed tasks (SPTs). It claims that EPTs provide better serial order information than SPTs. Consequently,
free recall of EPTs should be more organized along the presentation order of the items than the free recall of SPTs. In three
experiments, some specific aspects of this approach were studied. Firstly, it was demonstrated that serial retrieval is not
strongly used spontaneously and that its use is overestimated in the literature because it is usually evoked by an order reconstruction
test which follows free recall testing. Secondly, a serial retrieval strategy in free recall can be encouraged by explicit
instructions. Finally, the present experiments showed that a serial output strategy alone does not allow one to predict performance
in free recall. The implications of these findings for the item-order approach will be discussed. |
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Keywords: | |
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