Inference-based retrospective revaluation in human causal judgments requires knowledge of within-compound relationships |
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Authors: | Mitchell Chris J Killedar Asawari Lovibond Peter F |
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Affiliation: | School of PsychologyUniversity of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. chris.mitchell@unsw.edu.au |
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Abstract: | In an allergist causal-judgment task, food compounds were followed by an allergic reaction (e.g., AB+), and then 1 cue (A) was revalued. Experiment 1, in which participants who were instructed that whatever was true about one element of a causal compound was also true of the other, showed a reverse of the standard retrospective revaluation effect. That is, ratings of B were higher when A was causal (A+) than when A was safe (A-). This effect was taken to reflect inferential reasoning, not an associative mechanism. In Experiment 2, within-compound associations were found to be necessary to produce this inference-based revaluation. Therefore, evidence that within-compound associations are necessary for retrospective revaluation is consistent with the inferential account of causal judgments. |
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