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Nonequivalence of on-line and paper-and-pencil psychological tests: The case of the prospective memory questionnaire
Authors:Tom?Buchanan  author-information"  >  author-information__contact u-icon-before"  >  mailto:buchant@wmin.ac.uk"   title="  buchant@wmin.ac.uk"   itemprop="  email"   data-track="  click"   data-track-action="  Email author"   data-track-label="  "  >Email author,Tarick?Ali,Thomas?M.?Heffernan,Jonathan?Ling,Andrew?C.?Parrott,Jacqui?Rodgers,Andrew?B.?Scholey
Affiliation:Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, England. buchant@wmin.ac.uk
Abstract:There is growing evidence that Internet-mediated psychological tests can have satisfactory psychometric properties and can measure the same constructs as traditional versions. However, equivalence cannot be taken for granted. The prospective memory questionnaire (PMQ; Hannon, Adams, Harrington, Fries-Dias, & Gibson, 1995) was used in an on-line study exploring links between drug use and memory (Rodgers et al., 2003). The PMQ has four factor-analytically derived subscales. In a large (N763) sample tested via the Internet, only two factors could be recovered; the other two subscales were essentially meaningless. This demonstration of nonequivalence underlines the importance of on-line test validation. Without examination of its psychometric properties, one cannot be sure that a test administered via the Internet actually measures the intended construct.
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