风险情景中不同成就动机者的冒险行为特征

采用计算机模拟和问卷的方法，研究不同成就动机的个体在动态情境下的冒险行为。结合成就动机的静态与动态理论，考察具有不同程度的成就动机个体在动态环境中的行为差异。结果发现，在动态情境的初期，可以看到不同成就动机的被试有稳定的偏好：成就动机高的个体偏爱中等难度的任务，成就动机低的个体偏爱较易或者是较难难度的任务；随着行为的动态进行，个体的冒险行为呈现出与静态情境中不同的规律性：成就动机高的个体在初期选择的中等难度的基础上逐渐选择更难的任务；成就动机低的个体在初期选择较易难度任务的基础上也逐渐选择更难的任务；相对于成就动机低的个体，成就动机高的个体会更慢地选择难度高的任务；高成就动机个体出现非典型转换次数显著低于低成就动机的个体。

RISK-TAKING BEHAVIORS IN DYNAMIC CONDITION WITH COMPUTER SIMULATION

Investigating the different risk-taking behaviors among different achievement motivation groups with the help of computer simulation experiment and questionnaire, combining with the achievement motivation theory (Atkinson 1957) and the Dynamics of Action Model (Atkinson and Birch 1970,1974). The result showed: (1) At the initial stage of dynamic progress, different achievement motivation groups had different behavior preferences. High a-chievement motivation members were inclined to choose tasks at middle difficulty levels and low achievement motivation members were inclined to choose tasks at extreme difficulty levels. ( 2 ) In the dynamic progress of risk-taking behavior, different character of choice tendency from static condition appeared: both the high and the low a-chievement motivation members chose more difficult achievement tasks, high achievement motivation members chose harder than the low achievement motivation ones, but their increased speed of difficulty level was slower. (3) That the atypical shift is an efficient measurement of achievement motivation was confirmed.