| 老年执行功能的认知可塑性和神经可塑性 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜新,陈天勇. 老年执行功能的认知可塑性和神经可塑性[J]. 心理科学进展, 2010, 18(9): 1471-1480. DOI: |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜新 陈天勇 |
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| 作者单位： | (;1.中国科学院心理研究所老年心理研究中心, 北京 100101) ;(;2.中国科学院心理研究所心理健康院重点实验室, 北京 100101) (3中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039) ; |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院优博科研启动专项资金(2010-2012)资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 执行衰退假说认为执行功能的特异性衰退是引起认知年老化的主要原因, 近年来越来越多的研究表明, 老年人的执行功能及其相关脑区(主要为前额叶)存在可塑性, 通过训练执行功能的衰退可得到缓解, 且相关脑区的激活水平、脑容量或神经递质都可发生改变; 部分研究还发现执行功能训练对其它认知能力有一定的迁移效应。这些发现对于认知年老化理论的继续探索和认知干预研究的实践应用都具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 执行功能 老年人 认知可塑性 神经可塑性 迁移效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-01-03 |
Cognitive and Neural Plasticity of Executive Functions among Older Adults |
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| DU Xin,CHEN Tian-Yong. Cognitive and Neural Plasticity of Executive Functions among Older Adults[J]. Advances In Psychological Science, 2010, 18(9): 1471-1480. DOI: |
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| Authors: | DU Xin CHEN Tian-Yong |
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| Affiliation: | (;1. Center on Aging Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China) ;(2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China) ;(;3. Graduate School, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China) ; |
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| Abstract: | Executive decline hypothesis suggests that the unique loss of executive function is the main cause of cognitive aging.However,a growing body of literature had demonstrated a remarkable plasticity in executive functions and its related brain areas(mainly prefrontal cortex) among older adults.Age-related decline in executive function could be reduced through cognitive training,and the activation,structure(volume) and neurotransmitters of related brain areas could be altered.Some studies also suggested the ben... |
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| Keywords: | executive function older adults cognitive plasticity neural plasticity transfer effects |
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