当代西方道德人格研究的两类取向

道德人格研究是西方道德心理学的新主题，主要有两类取向：特质取向和社会认知取向。特质取向把道德人格理解为与道德有关的人格特质，对道德榜样的自然概念和真实道德榜样的人格特征进行了大量研究。社会认知取向以社会认知图式、知识结构和认知－情感机制来解释道德人格，揭示了个体内部动态的心理过程。未来的道德人格研究要强调两类取向的结合，加强发展过程和影响因素研究，并注重多水平与多学科的整合。

Two Approaches of Western Research of Moral Personality

The research of moral personality is a new theme of western moral psychology, which has two approaches: the trait approach and the social-cognitive approach. The trait approach view moral personality as some personality traits correlating with morality, and have done many researches on the natural conception of moral exemplar and real moral exemplar. The social-cognitive approach explains moral personality with social-cognitive schema, knowledge structure and cognitive-affective mechanism which reveals the individual inner dynamic psychological process. Future researches of moral personality should emphasize the connection of the two approaches, strengthen the researches of developmental process and influential factors, and pay attention to the integration of multi-levels and multi-disciplines.