The over-claiming technique: measuring self-enhancement independent of ability |
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Authors: | Paulhus Delroy L Harms P D Bruce M Nadine Lysy Daria C |
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Affiliation: | Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. dpaulhus@psych.ubc.ca |
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Abstract: | Over-claiming is a concrete operalization of self-enhancement based on respondents' ratings of their knowledge of various persons, events, products, and so on. Because 20% of the items are nonexistent, responses can be analyzed with signal detection formulas to index both response bias (over-claiming) and accuracy (knowledge). Study 1 demonstrated convergence of over-claiming with alternative measures of self-enhancement but independence from cognitive ability. In Studies 2-3, the validity of the over-claiming index held even when respondents were (a) warned about the foils or (b) asked to fake good. Study 3 also showed the utility of the over-claiming index for diagnosing faking. In Study 4, the over-claiming technique was applied to the debate over the adaptive value of positive illusions. |
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