Metacognitive processes in the self-regulation of performance in elite endurance runners |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Complex Systems in Sport Research Group, INEFC Barcelona University, Avda. De l’Estadi, 12-22, 08038 Barcelona, Spain;2. EUSES, University of Girona, Carrer de Francesc Macia, 65, 17190 Salt, Spain;3. West Chester University, 700 S. High St, West Chester, PA 19382, USA;4. Univ. St. Cyril and Methodius, Zeleznicka BB, 1000 Skopje, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia;5. Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;1. Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;2. Faculty of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong, China;1. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain;2. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, School of Education, Ciudad Real, Spain;3. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile;4. Human and Health Sciences, Italian University Sport and Movement “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThis study sought to investigate the dynamics of attentional focus and cognitive control during endurance activity from a metacognitive perspective. The study also intended to examine the situational factors which may influence cognitive strategy use by elite endurance runners.DesignSemi-structured qualitative interviews were utilised.MethodTen elite-level endurance runners were interviewed to explore retrospectively their attentional focus and cognitive strategy use during endurance running.ResultsThe findings revealed that metacognitive strategies such as planning, monitoring, reviewing and evaluating, and metacognitive experiences were fundamental to cognitive control and cognitive strategy use in elite endurance runners. The findings also added to the array of active self-regulatory strategies previously reported in the literature.ConclusionsThese results suggest that metacognitive processes are central to effective cognitive control in elite endurance athletes during running. The findings allowed for the development of an integrative metacognitive framework, which incorporates dimensions of attentional focus. This model may better represent the processes which underpin cognitive control and determine cognitive strategy use in elite athletes during endurance running. |
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| Keywords: | Metacognition Cognitive strategy Attentional focus Self-regulation Endurance exercise |
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