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Explaining social contagion in sport applying Heider's balance theory: First experimental results |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Health & Social Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Germany;2. The German Research Centre for Elite Sports – Momentum, Germany;1. CONICET – Universidad de Belgrano, Departamento de Investigaciones, Argentina;2. Department of Psychology, New School for Social Research, United States;1. Leeds Beckett University, UK;2. University of Chichester, UK;3. School of Applied Social Sciences, Durham University, UK;1. Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, United Kingdom;2. Colorectal Surgery Research Group, Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom;3. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology II, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom;4. Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom;5. Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom;6. Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Canada |
| Abstract: | A sudden collective collapse of an entire sport team is often described in terms of the social contagion of weak performance. Two experiments studied this phenomenon against the backdrop of balance theory. Experiment 1 examined whether false negative feedback on a partner's performance during a team task would lead to compensatory mechanisms as predicted by balance theory. Results showed that perceived negative performance in the partner was compensated by devaluing the relationship to the partner. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 and investigated the impact of physical self-esteem. Results showed that persons with strong physical self-esteem devalued the situational value of the relationship when they perceived their partner's performance to be negative. Experiment 2 also investigated objective performance. Although failing to attain statistical significance, there was a tendency for the perceived sudden decline in the partner's performance to be contagious. It is concluded that balance theory offers promising insights into the interpersonal dynamics of social contagion. |
| Keywords: | weak performance dyad feedback interpersonal imbalance motor task |
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