汉字词的正字法深度与阅读时间的研究

采用命名任务探讨了正字法深度对汉字词读音时间的影响。结果发现，（１）正字法深度对汉字词的读音时间有重要影响。对于高频字，汉字的读音反应时的顺序（由快到慢）是规则形声字、象形字、会意字和不规则形声字，但规则形声字、象形字、会意字之间的差异没有达到显著水平，只有规则形声字与不规则形声字之间差异显著。但在低频时，规则形声字与会意字、不规则的形声字，象形字与不规则的形声字的读音反应时的差异均达到显著水平。（２）与单音词相比，多音词的反应时间长，多音词的优势反应与非优势反应的读音时间也存在着显著的差异。（３）高频时，多音双字词与单音双字词差异不显著，低频时双音双字词与单音双字词差异显著，从而显示了语境与词频的双重影响。整个研究表明，对于表意的汉字而言，正字法深度也是存在的，并对汉字词的读音时间产生重要的影响。

A STUDY ON ORTHOGRAPHIC DEPTH OF CHINESE WORDS AND READING TIME

The present study explored the effects of orthographic depth on reading time of Chinese words by naming task.The results showed:(1)Orthographic depth has important effects on reading time of Chinese words.The subjects took different time to read different kinds of Chinese characters,shorter time to read regular XING SHENG characters,longer time to read irregular XING SHENG characters that have sound parts but the sound parts do not mark sounds.(2) Compared with one-sound words,naming Chinese homographes took longer time.There were also differences in naming time between superior responses and inferior responses.(3) There were interactions among word frequency,context and orthographic depth. The whole study suggested that orthographic depth has indeed a strong psychological reality in recognition of Chinese words, and has important effects on reading time of Chinese words.