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Executive functions in early childhood: The role of maternal and paternal parenting practices |
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| Authors: | Nicole Lucassen Rianne Kok Marian J. Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marinus H. Van Ijzendoorn Vincent W. V. Jaddoe Albert Hofman Frank C. Verhulst Mijke P. Lambregtse‐Van den Berg Henning Tiemeier |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;2. The Generation R Study, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands;4. Centre for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands;5. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;6. Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;7. Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands |
| Abstract: | We investigated the association between mothers' and fathers' harsh parenting and sensitive parenting practices and child's executive functions (EF) in early childhood in 607 families. We focused on three broad dimensions of child EF: Emergent metacognition, inhibitory self‐control, and flexibility measured with the parent‐reported Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function‐Preschool Version. Less sensitive parenting of the mother and harsher parenting of the father were related to lower scores of emergent metacognition and inhibitory self‐control. Parenting was not associated with child flexibility. This study extends previous research on the association between parenting and EF by the focus on the role of the father and demonstrates independent effects of mother and father on child EF. |
| Keywords: | parenting executive function emergent metacognition inhibitory self‐control flexibility |