Self‐Efficacy and Athletic Squat Performance: Positive or Negative Influences at the Within‐ and Between‐Levels of Analysis |
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| Authors: | TODD A. GILSON GRAIG M. CHOW DEBORAH L. FELTZ |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University;2. University of California, Los Angeles;3. Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University |
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| Abstract: | Social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986, 2001) and perceptual control theory (Powers, 1978, 1991) have described the self‐efficacy/performance relationship in stark contrast. Additionally, recent work exploring these discrepancies has yielded future research suggestions yet to be undertaken (Bandura & Locke, 2003; Vancouver, Thompson, Tischner, & Putka, 2002; Yeo & Neal, 2006). Thus, this study explored the relationship between self‐efficacy and performance between‐ and within‐individuals over time. Division I collegiate American football players (N = 115) completed self‐efficacy questionnaires and one‐repetition maximum squat tests at 3 time points during off‐season strength training. Results revealed that self‐efficacy was positively related to squat performance at both the within‐ and between‐person levels when controlling for athletes' raw past performance. |
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