文化能力与文化友好型医患关系

医院文化休克是糟糕的患者体验，严重影响医患关系。医院文化休克与医生父爱主义、尊重患者自主和医患契约三种医患关系模式观将人片面化的共同缺陷相关。解决医院文化休克问题，应回到作为完整人的文化人，将患者作为文化人，提高文化差异敏感性，增强文化能力。这就要求加强教育和培训，建立文化谦逊态度；注重非临床的患者体验；增强语言和沟通能力，改善服务态度；改善医疗环境和流程，加大医疗资源的供给；建立文化友好型研究者−受试者关系，建立文化友好型医患关系。

Cultural Competence and Culture-friendly Doctor-patient Relationship

Hospital culture shock is a terrible experience for patients, which seriously affects doctor-patient relationship. Hospital culture shock is related to the common defects of the one-sided human nature in the three models of doctor-patient relationship: doctor paternalism, respect for patient autonomy and doctor-patient contract. To solve the problem of hospital culture shock, we should take patients as complete cultural person, increase cultural sensitivity, and enhance cultural competence. This requires strengthening education and training, cultivating cultural modesty, improving non-clinical patient experience, enhancing language and communication skills, improving service attitude and the medical environment and process, increasing the supply of medical resources, establishing a culture-friendly researcher-subject relationship and doctor-patient relationship.