关于特殊群体生育需求的伦理理论与原则分析

随着辅助生殖技术的发展和应用，以及人们婚育思想的改变，一些特殊群体逐渐产生了通过辅助生殖技术的帮助实现生育的需求。然而，其生育愿望能否实现还需进行更全面的思考与讨论。从伦理理论与原则两方面对特殊群体的生育需求进行探讨。在伦理理论中，罗尔斯的正义论、边沁和密尔的效用主义以及女性主义伦理学为支持特殊群体的生育需求提供了理论依据，而社群主义、自然律理论以及儒家伦理家庭观则持不同的态度。此外，也从伦理学的四项基本原则出发，对特殊群体的生育需求进行了具体分析，并提倡在适龄期正常婚育。

Discussion on Ethical Theories and Principles of Special Groups' Reproductive Needs

With the development and application of assisted reproductive technology(ART), and the change in attitudes towards reproduction. Gradually, some special groups begin to think about their reproductive needs with the help of ART. However, comprehensive thinking and discussion are needed for their bearing desire. In this paper, the authors explore the reproductive needs of special groups in terms of ethical theories and principles. Rawls's theory of justice, Bentham's and Mill's utilitarianism, and feminist ethics provide theoretical basis for reproductive needs of special groups. But communitarianism, natural law theory, and ethical family value in Confucian have some different opinions. Then a more specific analysis of special groups' reproductive needs is presented in terms of the four basic principles of bioethics. In addition, special groups are advocated to get married and bear children in proper age.