民国中医师考试制度的历史考察与时代启示

民国时期，中医师考试制度在考试权由地方收归中央后逐步走向现代化转型，考试机构正规化、考试资格规范化、考试内容专业化、考试程序科学化。由于未能处理好传统因素的继承与创新关系，科举制精神的延续使中医师考试制度呈现出传统与现代并存的演进特征，致使民国中医师考试的社会评价持续降低，抑制中医师考试制度供给效率的提升。当代中医师资格考试应充分借鉴民国中医师考试制度化的历史启示，处理好三对“破”与“立”的关系：破西化倾向，立中医思维；破因循守旧，立与时俱进；破临床能力下降难题，立中医岗位胜任力。

Historical Study and Enlightenment of the Examination System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctors in the Republic of China

In the Republic of China era, the central government turned to be the authority of the examination system of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) doctors, which transferred towards modernization, with standardized examination institutions and qualifications, specialized examination contents, and rationalized examination procedure. Due to the failure to balance inheritance and innovation and the impact of imperial examination, the examination system at that time showed double features of traditional and modern times. The low social evaluation restrained its improvement. Historical enlightenment should be valued in modern TCM doctors qualification exams. The three pairs of "Breaking" and "Establishment" should be properly handled: break down the trend of westernization, establish the TCM thinking; break away from conformism, keep up with the time; break down the downfall of clinical capacity, upgrade the competency of Chinese medicine practitioners.