压力和认知方式对基于事件错误记忆的影响

运用合作者误导信息干扰范式，通过3个实验探讨了不同压力（引导压力、警告压力和反馈压力）对不同认知方式个体的错误记忆的影响。结果表明：（1）正确引导减少了错误记忆，对改善错误记忆具有积极的作用，而错误引导则增加了错误记忆；（2）在引导压力条件下，社会警告可减少错误记忆，减少误导信息的效应；（3）肯定反馈可减少错误记忆，而否定反馈则明显增加了错误记忆；（4）不同认知方式个体在不同压力下的错误记忆方面存在差异，场依存个体受各种压力影响较大，场独立个体受影响较小。

The Effects of Different Pressure and Cognitive Styles on False Memory Based on Events

Researchers studying individual differences in false memory seldom focused on the individuals with different cognitive styles （ field-dependence/ independ- ence）. Hence, the purpose here was to study the false memory differences between FD and FI individuals under the different pressure from co-witness. In the present study, three experiments were conducted to study false memory differences between FD and FI individuals under the different co-witness＇ s lead pressure, social warning pressure and feedbaek pressure. The result indicated ： （ 1 ） correct lead could reduce the false memory, the social warning and the positive feedback both improved the false memory. However, subjects were more affected by the false lead than the correct lead, more affected by the negative feedback than positive feedback ; （2） under the different pressure the false memory of individuals with different cognitive styles was significantly different, FD individuals were more sensitive to the pressure, whereas FI individuals were less affected.