表扬与内在动机关系的三种观点

目前表扬与内在动机的关系共有三种观点：一种观点认为表扬对内在动机有促进作用，另外一些观点则认为表扬会对内在动机产生损害。Henderlong和Lepper对这两类观点进行了整合，提出了第三种观点，他们认为不能简单地说表扬会促进还是损害内在动机，他们引入了5个概念变量(conceptual variables)：自主性(perceived autonomy)、归因方式(performance attributions)、自我效能感(competence self—efficacy)、真诚性(sincerity)、成就标准(standards and expectations)，并认为这5个变量决定着表扬对内在动机的影响效果。

Three Viewpoints on the Relationship Between Praise and Intrinsic Motivation

There are three viewpoints on the relationship between praise and intrinsic motivation: one viewpoint claims that praise can enhance intrinsic motivation, but another holds that praise has no or bad effects on intrinsic motivation. Jennifer Henderlong and Mark R. Lepper argue that the effect depends on 5 conceptual variables, which are sincerity, performance attributions, perceived autonomy, competence and self efficacy, standards and expectations.