激活水平对两亚型ADHD儿童反应执行与抑制能力的影响

研究选取了混合型ADHD儿童14名,注意缺陷型ADHD儿童16名以及正常儿童18名,考察了在不同激活水平下,两亚型ADHD儿童之间,及其与正常儿童之间的反应执行能力与抑制能力的异同。采用传统的go/no-go任务,并将刺激间的时间间隔设置为1秒、4秒、8秒三种条件,分别对应高、中、低三种激活水平。结果发现,(1)与正常儿童相比,ADHD儿童的反应执行能力更容易受到激活水平的影响,且两亚型ADHD儿童受到的影响模式基本一致。具体而言:在高激活水平下,ADHD儿童与正常儿童差异最小;在中、低激活水平下,ADHD儿童与正常儿童差异增大,表明ADHD儿童状态调节能力落后。(2)两亚型ADHD儿童的功能缺损模式不同,混合型儿童在状态调节和反应抑制两方面都存在缺损,且其反应抑制缺陷不受激活水平影响;注意缺陷型儿童仅在状态调节方面受损。

The Effects of Activation Level on Response Execution and Inhibition in Children of two ADHD Subtypes

A total of 48 primary school students(14 ADHD-C,16 ADHD-I and 18 mental normal children)were chosen. The study compared the different abilities of response execution and response inhibition between two ADHD subtypes children as well as compared these two subtypes with mentally normal children on different activation levels.The traditional goΠno2go task was administered at three levels of inter-stimulus interval of 1s,4s,and 8s.It was found as follow:(1)the ability of response execution of ADHD children was strongly dependent on the activation level,suggesting that they suffered from poor state regulation ability.The effects of activation level on response execution ability in two subtypes of ADHD were similar.The difference between ADHD and control children was smaller in the 1s condition than in the 4s and 8s conditions;(2)ADHD/C and ADHD/I had different models of deficits,ADHD/C suffered from state regulation disability and response inhibition deficit.Their response inhibition deficit was independent of activation level. ADHD/I only suffered from state regulation disability.