Contextual control of extinguished conditioned performance in humans |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States;2. Department of Educational Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States;1. Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;3. Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;7. Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;2. Sansom Institute for Health Research, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia and Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health and Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa;4. Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom;5. Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Nuffield Division Anaesthetics, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom;6. Department Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Animal research has shown that extinguished conditioned performance is modulated by the environmental context in which extinction treatment has occurred. When the conditioned stimulus is presented outside the extinction context, conditioned responding is renewed. In two experiments, whether a renewal effect can also be found in humans was investigated. In Experiment 1, a renewal effect was observed, although the effect was small and far from complete. In Experiment 2, a more substantial renewal effect was observed. The extent to which this effect occurred depended on the degree to which context was manipulated. In a third experiment, the exact nature of the observed renewal effect was examined. Results indicated that, as opposed to animals, the extinction context does not modulate extinguished conditioned responding in humans. |
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