Posterior superior temporal cortex connectivity is related to social communication in toddlers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA;2. Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China;3. Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, USA;4. Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Utah, USA;5. Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, USA;6. Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Washington State University, USA;7. Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, USA;1. University of Mississippi, USA;2. Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Argentina;3. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina;4. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina;1. Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;2. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;3. Mathematics & Statistics Undergraduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;4. Integrated Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences Undergraduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;1. Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy;2. Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;3. Pediatric Neuroscience Center & Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy;1. The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;2. Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne.Academic Director, Australian Rehabilitation Research Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;1. Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;2. Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;3. Institute of Psychology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany;1. Studies and Research Department of the Italian Society of Relationship in Psychoanalysis, Italy;2. Unità Operativa Semplice Dipartimentale di Psicologia Clinica - Dipartimento Salute Mentale - ASST Brianza, Italy;3. Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy;4. Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy;5. 0–3 Center for the At-Risk Infant, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The second year of life is a time when social communication skills typically develop, but this growth may be slower in toddlers with language delay. In the current study, we examined how brain functional connectivity is related to social communication abilities in a sample of 12-24 month-old toddlers including those with typical development (TD) and those with language delays (LD). We used an a-priori, seed-based approach to identify regions forming a functional network with the left posterior superior temporal cortex (LpSTC), a region associated with language and social communication in older children and adults. Social communication and language abilities were assessed using the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales (CSBS) and Mullen Scales of Early Learning. We found a significant association between concurrent CSBS scores and functional connectivity between the LpSTC and the right posterior superior temporal cortex (RpSTC), with greater connectivity between these regions associated with better social communication abilities. However, functional connectivity was not related to rate of change or language outcomes at 36 months of age. These data suggest an early marker of low communication abilities may be decreased connectivity between the left and right pSTC. Future longitudinal studies should test whether this neurobiological feature is predictive of later social or communication impairments. |
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| Keywords: | Functional MRI Toddler Social communication Language Superior temporal sulcus Functional connectivity |
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