Infant attachment in the Czech Republic: Categorical and dimensional findings from a post-communist country |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel;2. Center for Developmental Social Neuroscience, Reichman University, Herzliya 4601010, Israel;1. Dept of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom;2. Dept of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom;3. Durham Research Methods Centre, Durham, United Kingdom;1. Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA;2. Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China;3. Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, USA;4. Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Utah, USA;5. Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, USA;6. Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Washington State University, USA;7. Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, USA;1. Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;2. Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;3. Institute of Psychology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany;1. Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy;2. Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;3. Pediatric Neuroscience Center & Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Infant attachment remains virtually unexplored in former Eastern Bloc countries. The dimensional approach to infant attachment, which could ease common obstacles in cross-cultural attachment research, necessitates more empirical support. This study explores infant attachment in the Czech Republic, a post-communist country with a unique family policy, using both the categorical and the dimensional models. It also compares the Czech infant attachment distribution to infant attachment distributions in other countries and compares infant attachment distributions in European countries to the Baltimore study sample. In the Strange Situation Procedure, forty-nine (74 %) out of sixty-six mother-infant dyads (35 boys, M = 13.8, SD = 0.9) received the B classification. Despite the generous family policy and cultural emphasis on close mother-infant relationships, the Czech distribution of insecure categories did not differ from the Baltimore study sample. Out of other post-communist countries, only the infant attachment distribution in former East Germany differed from the Czech and the Baltimore study samples due to a lower proportion of type B and a higher proportion of type A infants. There were also more type A infants in the Italian sample. Interactive behavior scales accurately predicted attachment categories in 91 % of cases. Contact-maintenance and proximity-seeking scales substantially improve the assessment of insecure resistant behavior. Our findings support the universality and normativity of attachment and the utility of the dimensional approach. |
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| Keywords: | Strange Situation Procedure Infant attachment Dimensional approach Interactive Behavior Scales |
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